evaluation of fire-retardant efficacy and comfort properties of treated polyester/cotton and polyester/viscose fabrics

This study evaluates the fire-retardant (fr) performance of polyester/ cotton (pc) and polyester/viscose (pv) fabrics treated with an alkyl phosphate ester-based fr agent at concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 g/l, followed by curing at 200 °c for 60 or 180 s. untreated fabrics burned completely, whereas the fr treatment reduced flammability significantly, with char lengths of 2 cm (pc200c60t) and 0.4 cm (pv200c180t). the limiting oxygen index (loi) increased to 22 % (pc) and 23 % (pv), confirming enhanced flame resistance. edx and ftir analyses confirmed successful fr deposition, showing increased phosphorus and nitrogen content alongside the formation of ester bonds (o-h, c=o, o-c-h). bending stiffness rose by 29 % for pv200c180t, while wrinkle recovery improved by 27.9% (pc) and 23.3 % (pv). air permeability decreased by 41.5 % (pc) and 59.5 % (pv), and water permeability (pda) declined by 15.74 % (pc) and 35.61 % (pv). the treatment achieves an effective balance between flame resistance and wearability, demonstrating strong potential for protective textiles.