gallic acid inhibits invasion and reduces il-6 gene expression, pstat3, perk1/2, and pakt cellular signaling proteins in human prostate cancer du-145 cells

Background: prostate cancer (pc) is a malignant disease, which is common in men. interleukin-6 (il-6) mediates the progression of pc through pi3k/akt, jak-stat, and erk1/2 mapks signaling pathways. gallic acid, a phenolic compound, has anti-oxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-tumorigenic properties. objectives: this study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of gallic acid on du-145 cell viability, proliferation, invasion, il-6 gene expression, and the cellular levels of phosphorylated stat3, erk1/2, and akt signaling proteins. methods: du-145 cells were treated with gallic acid (0 - 100µm). the 3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (mtt) assay was done in order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of gallic acid on du-145 cells. il-6 gene expression was investigated, using rt-qpcr. the levels of phosphorylated erk1/2, akt, and stat3 signaling pathways were assessed bywestern blotting technic. du-145 cells invasion were measured by invasion assay test. results: a significant reduction was observed in viability, proliferation, and invasion of du-145 cells after treatment with gallic acid. also, cellular levels of phosphorylated stat3, erk1/2, and akt signaling proteins decreased after 48 hours in a dose-dependent manner by gallic acid. secretion and gene expression of il-6 were decreased in du-145 cells treated with gallic acid. conclusions: the results of this study showed that gallic acid can lead to a reduction in survival, proliferation, and invasion in du- 145 cell line by reducing protein il-6 and its gene expression, pstat3, perk1/2, and pakt signaling protein pathways. therefore, it seems that gallic acid can be regarded as a potent agent in the treatment of prostate cancer.