sustainable p-hub median modeling for perishable items in presence of fuzzy setting

This study introduces a sustainable p-hub median model for perishable items considering fuzzy transport times. it is the first to address time uncertainty in a sustainable hub location for perishable products. the multi-objective mixed-integer nonlinear programming model optimizes transportation costs, product quality, co2 emissions, and social impacts such as job creation. the model is validated using gams software on small to medium datasets, demonstrating that incorporating social responsibility alters network design and enhances overall objectives. this research offers a novel approach to sustainable supply chain management by balancing economic, social goals, and environmental, and provides a practical framework for real-world implementation.