effect of γ-al2o3/water nanofluid on natural convection heat transfer of corrugated ┐ shaped cavity: study the different aspect ratio of grooves

In this paper, the effect of γ-al2o3/water nanofluid on the flow pattern and natural convection heat transfer of corrugated ⅂ shaped cavity is investigated numerically by the lattice boltzmann method (lbm). the effects of nanoparticles solid volume fraction (ϕ=0-0.006), rayleigh number (ra=10³-10^6) and the aspect ratio of grooves cavity (h/h=0.05-0.15) on the streamlines, isotherms and averaged nusselt number have been examined. in addition, a comparison between γ-al2o3/water nanofluid and mwcnt-fe3o4/water hybrid nanofluid on the average nusselt number are studied. the results showed that the heat transfer rate of γ-al2o3/water nanofluid is higher than water. for all rayleigh numbers and solid volume fraction of nanoparticles, increasing the height of grooves leads to an increment in average nusselt number. moreover, when the rayleigh number reaches to 106, the average nusselt number increases, which the domain mechanism of heat transfer, in this case, becomes convection. as to be expected, the influence of mwcnt-fe3o4/water hybrid nanofluid on heat transfer rate is higher than the γ-al2o3/water nanofluid.