Photogrammetric Analysis of Upper Cross Syndrome among Teachers and the Effects of National Academy of Sports Medicine Exercises with Ergonomic Intervention on the Syndrome

Background: hyperkyphosis is often accompanied by forward head and shoulder postures. together, these three disorders are called “upper cross syndrome (ucs)”. we aimed to perform a photogrammetric analysis of ucs among teachers and to determine the effects of national academy of sports medicine (nasm) exercises with ergonomic training interventions on the syndrome. study design: a semi-experimental study. methods: photogrammetric analysis was performed using the ucs software among teachers in order to determine the angles of forward head, rounded shoulders, and hyperkyphosis. twenty-three teachers were selected purposefully and enrolled in fasa city in 2018. they were randomly divided into experimental (n=12) and control (n=11) groups. experimental group attended 12 wk of nasm exercises with ergonomic intervention but the control group did not participate in any regular exercise. the data were analyzed using paired t-test and differential independent t-test (p<0.05). results: the results indicated a significant decrease in forward head (p=0.001), shoulder angles (p=0.000) and hyperkyphosis (p=0.003). the applied intervention had a 90% positive effect in reducing the forward head angle, an 88% positive effect in reducing the rounded shoulder angle and a 90% positive effect in reducing the kyphosis angle. however, the results for the control group did not show a significant difference for forward head, rounded shoulders, and hyperkyphosis angles. conclusion: the ucs software application can be used as an accurate instrument for measuring the extent of the ucs. moreover, using nasm exercises can lead to a reduction in the ucs among teachers