Detection of Tetracycline Resistant Gen (tet K, tet M ) in Some Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated From Different Clinical Sources in Erbil City

Thirty two isolates of coagulase negative staphylococci was isolated and identified from clinical sources ; including eight isolates (12.5%) of each of staphylococcus hominis and staphylococcus haemolyticus from (64) patients urine which suffering from urinary tract infection and eight isolates (16%) of each of staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus auricularis from (50) ear patients which suffering from otitis in rizgary teaching hospital in erbil city were isolated depending on vitek 2 compact system . the susceptibility tests by using disc diffusion agar method were determined for all isolated coagulase negative staphylococci to 10 different antibiotics . from obtained results it was observed that all isolates were 100% sensitive to ceftriaxone and novobiocin, while higher resistance was obtained to tetracycline with percentage 50% and they showed differnt resistant to other remaining antibiotics. on the other hand, all isolated staphylococcus hominis, staphylococcus haemolyticus , staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus auricularis isolates were tested for tetracycline resistant genes tetk and tetm by using pcr and the results showed that 75% of staphylococcus hominis, staphylococcus haemolyticus and staphylococcus epidermidis were carried tetm gene with product size about 158 bp while 50% of staphylococcus auricularis was carried the above mentioned gen . also it was found that 50% of staphylococcus hominis and staphylococcus haemolyticus isolates in this study were harboring tetk gene with product size 360 bp and no tetk gene was observed in staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus auricularis . also the antibacterial effect of two local species of menthes against resistant isolated bacteria by using the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) method were studied . the results showed that the mic for aqueous extract for both plants mentha longifolia and mentha piperita were 1600μg/ml and it were 1400μg/ml for alcoholic extract of both plants against most staphylococcus speciese except staphylococcus epidermidis which the mic was 1200 μg/ml for aqueous and 1000μg/ml for alcoholic extract of mentha piperita, while it was 1200μg/ml for both the aqueous and alcoholic extracts for mentha longifolia.