Architectural elements & their Functional and aesthetic role in Arabic architecture in the Islamic era

The emergence of architectural elements in the islamic era was not the result of coincidence or a specific group effort ,it is the effort of groups of people united under one language, religion and geography. and we are not forgetting the arab-islamic architecture and art had a mutual effect with the former civilizations such as byzantine and sasanian and others. arabs have taken from the rest of civilizations and developed and vice versa. the research aims to reveal the functional and aesthetic dimensions of architectural elements by mentioning the most prominent ones and highlighting their function for the construction as well as their overall dimensions. the research also aims to eliminate the suspicion that these elements are non-arabic ,but a mixture of other civilizations, and that this type of studies is a starting point for all new study aims to development not only in the field of archeology but in the fields of engineering and design. the functions of architectural elements multiple each element it has its location from the building ،it has a specific architectural function , as well as function and decorative . and review these element and clarify its location and its architectural and decorative functions .