A model-driven development approach for learning design using the LPCEL Editor

Complex learning scenarios are represented using educational modeling languages (emls). different people with specific skills usually design these scenarios. the ims ld is a commonly used eml for which some visual editors are being created in order to assist the authoring process. however, these editors have a limited level of expressiveness and do not provide the facilities for designers to collaborate in the design process. the lpcel editor provides a broad level of expressiveness and facilitates the authoring process with an editor that includes: (1) visual elements, (2) intermediate representation, (3) learning patterns, (4) collaboration tools and (5) web services. in order to verify that the components are sufficient, we conducted a user evaluation to analyze their perspective regarding the level of functionality of the tools.