Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine-induced tuberculous hip osteomyelitis in an infant: Case report

To this day,tuberculosis (tb) continues to pose a significant global health burden. the world health organization’s expanded programme on immunization (epi) recommends the bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine for infants to protect against the haematogenous spread of primary tb and other more severe types of tb infection. we report an eight-month-old boy who presented to the armed forces hospital,muscat,oman,in 2015 with a one-month history of intermittent fever associated with a limited range of motion in the right hip area. he was up-to-date with his epi vaccinations and had no history of exposure to individuals with tb infections. he was initially treated for bacterial septic arthritis; however,a genexpert tb assay revealed the presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis,bcg strain. to the best of the authors’ knowledge,this is the first documented case from oman of a child with tb hip osteomyelitis due to a bcg vaccination. © 2017,sultan qaboos university. all rights reserved.