ارزیابی عملکرد وش، اجزای آن و برخی خصوصیات ریخت شناختی، کیفیت الیاف و تحمل به پژمردگی ورتیسیلیومی ژنوتیپ ها و ارقام جدید پنبه در استان گلستان

سابقه و هدف: ارقام گیاهی مهمترین دست آورد پژوهش های به نژادی گیاهی هستند. دسترسی زارعین به ارقام اصلاح شده جدید گیاهان زراعی برای دست یابی به محصول با کمیت و کیفیت مطلوب از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. ارزش زراعی و مصرف ارقام (vcu) جدید باید قبل از معرفی به کشاورزان با آزمون تعیین ارزش زراعی و مصرف با ارقام رایج مقایسه و ارزیابی شده و ارقام جدید برتر معرفی گردند. هدف اصلاح پنبه، معرفی ارقام جدید با عملکرد و کیفیت الیاف بالا، زودرس و مقاوم به تنش های زنده و غیرزنده است. بیماری پژمردگی ورتیسیلیومی از مهمترین بیمارهای پنبه در استان گلستان است. در سال های اخیر ارقام جدید پرمحصول، زودرس و متحمل به بیماری پژمردگی ورتیسیلیومی مانند ارقام گلستان و لطیف توسط موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور اصلاح و معرفی شده اند. این پژوهش به منظور تعیین ارزش زراعی و مصرف (vcu) ژنوتیپ ها و ارقام جدید پنبه با هدف معرفی و تجاری سازی ارقام جدید پنبه در استان گلستان اجرا شد.

evaluation of seed cotton yield, its components and some morphological traits, fiber quality and verticillium wilt tolerance of cotton new genotypes and cultivars in golestan province

background and objectives: plant varieties are the most important achievements of plant breeding. farmers access to crops new improved cultivars for optimum quantity and quality crop production is very important. value of cultivation and use (vcu) of new cultivars must be assessed and compared with common cultivars through value of cultivation and use (vcu) trials before introduction to farmers. the purpose of cotton improvement is the introduction of high yielding new cultivars having the potential of fiber high quality, early maturity, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. verticillium wilting is the most important disease of cotton in golestan province. during recent years, new high yielding, early maturity and tolerant to verticillium wilting cotton new cultivars like golestan and latif were improved and introduced by cotton research institute. this research was conducted for the determination of the value of cultivation and use (vcu) of cotton new genotypes and cultivars to be introduced and commercialized in golestan province. materials and methods: in order to evaluate the value of cultivation use (vcu) of new cotton genotypes and cultivars sb35, t3 hekmat, sajedi, armaghan and golestan in comparison with sahel cultivar in golestan province, seed cotton yield and its components and some related morphological and fiber quality traits and verticillium wilt tolerance, an experiment was conducted during 2016 and 2017 years in cotton research institute karkande cotton research station. plant height, sympodial branches, monopodial branches number the highest sympodial branch and fifth monopodial branch length, boll number and 30 boll weight, seed cotton yield, earliness, fiber length, uniformity, fitness, strength and elasticity and verticillium wilt plants percent were measured. results: results showed morphological traits and 30 boll weight and seed cotton yield in second year more than the first year and earliness in second year was more than first year. also, 30 boll weight and seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits and verticillium wilt tolerance were different. new commercial cultivar, golestan had the highest seed cotton yield and sahel old cultivar had the highest boll weight and fiber length, strength and elasticity. also, hekmat and sajedi, the new commercial cultivars had the finest fiber quality and highest verticillium wilt tolerance, respectively. conclusion: according to the results of this experiment and the importance of verticillium wilt in golestan province, sajedi cultivar was suggested for introduction and commercialization as a new commercial cultivar in golestan province.