understanding the phytochemical constitution, antioxidant potential and spectral characteristics of aqueous extracts of the chosen leafy vegetables from south india

The phytochemical composition, total phenolic and ascorbic acid contents of the aqueous extracts of six south indian leafy vegetables viz. amaranthus viridis l, hibiscus cannabinus l, spinacea oleracea l, mentha spicata l, murraya koenigii l and coriandrum sativum l were tested, characterized and the antioxidant potential was evaluated. in addition, aqueous leaf extracts of a. viridis and h. cannabinus were demonstrated for their ability to form silver nanoparticles. all the aqueous extracts demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins (except m. koenigii) and terpenoids (except s. oleracea) while phlobatannins (only in m. spicata), steroids, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids and proteins were absent in all the tested leaves. carbohydrates were found only in the aqueous extract of h. cannabinus. the total phenolic content was in the order of 0.9, 0.2, 1.8, 0.8 and 2.1 mggae/g of the leaves for a. viridis, h. cannabinus, m. spicata, m. koenigii and c. sativum, respectively, while s. oleracea did not respond to total phenolic content assay by fc method. ascorbic acid, present in all the leafy vegetables exhibited the lowest value of 0.3 mg/g in m. spicata and the highest value of 1.9 mg/g in c. sativum. in addition, a highly significant dpph radical scavenging activity was found in h. cannabinus (82.76%) followed by m. spicata (78.08%) and c. sativum (69.76%) at an extract concentration of 31.25 mg/ml, while a. viridis, s. oleracea and m. koenigii showed 72.95%, 58.27% and 75.38%, respectively at a concentration of 50 mg/ml. ft-ir spectral characterization of the extracts and the synthesized silver nanoparticles (ag nps) indicated the presence of n-h amines, o-h stretch, c-h out of plane bending vibrations, c=c stretching of alkenes, c=o stretch of amide and c≡c stretch of alkynes. according to our findings, the leafy vegetables can be used for the synthesis of lead compounds which will cure diseases.