ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﺋﯽ و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎی ﻓﻨﯽ، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی آﺑﯿﺎری ﻣﻮﺿﻌﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﻢ

ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و اوﻟﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﻨﺪی ﻣﺸﮑﻼت و ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی آﺑﯿﺎری ﻣﻮﺿﻌﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎی اﺳﺘﺎن ﻗﻢ در ﺳﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﻨﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از اﯾﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد دارای ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺼﯿﺼﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ و ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﭼﺎﻟﺶﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد و اراﺋﻪ راه ﺣﻞﻫﺎی ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ، ﺑﻬﺮه وری آب در ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. وﺟﻪ اﺷﺘﺮاک ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﺎورزان، ﭘﯿﺎدهﺳﺎزی و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻃﺮح آﺑﯿﺎری ﻣﻮﺿﻌﯽ ﺑﻮد. اﯾﻦ اﺑﺰار اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮی ﭘﺲ از ﻃﯽ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺳﻨﺠﺶ رواﯾﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ و ﺑﺮآورد ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ آوری داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎی ﻣﺆﻟﻔﮥ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﯽ ﺑﻪ روش ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎت ﺟﺰﺋﯽ )pls( ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮای ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎی ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮدن راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ از آﻣﺎره آزﻣﻮنt اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻓﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ 0/912 و ﻫﺸﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ 0/892 و ﻫﻔﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎر ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ 0/864 و ﭘﻨﺞ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ در ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی آﺑﯿﺎری ﻣﻮﺿﻌﯽ ﺣﺎﺋﺰ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. در ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﻓﻨﯽ ﻧﻮع ﻗﻄﺮه ﭼﮑﺎن و ﻣﻨﺒﻊ اﻧﺮژی اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﭘﻤﭙﺎژ، در ﺟﻨﺒﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺻﺤﯿﺢ ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ و ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻧﮕﻬﺪاری و ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداری و در ﺟﻨﺒﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ و اﻧﺘﺨﺎب دور آﺑﯿﺎری دارای ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

identification and evaluation of technical, economical and social challenges of localized irrigation systems in qom province

the main goal of this research is to identify and prioritize the challenges of localized irrigation systems in qom province in three technical, social and economical aspects. each of these aspects has several variables with different characteristics that by evaluating and recognizing the existing challenges and providing suitable solutions, water productivity in the country will be improved. the research question was investigated in the form of a questionnaire among farmers. the common feature of all these farmers was the implementation and use of localized irrigation. the questionnaire was distributed to the farmers who had implemented the localized irrigation system. this measurement tool was used after the validity and reliability and sample size estimation in the data collection, and finally the data was analyzed using hierarchical component models by partial least squares (pls) method. cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability. the t test was used to check the significance of the relationship between variables. the results obtained from this research showed that technical index with factor load of 0.912 and eight indicators, economical index with factor load of 0.892 and seven indicators and social index with a factor load of 0.864 and five indicators in localized irrigation systems have been important. the type of emitter and the energy source, the suitable selection of the system and the costs of maintenance and operation and the usefrindly of system and choosing the irrigation ferquency respectively, in the technical, the economical and the social aspects are the most important.