گونه‌های هویتی زنان دست‌ فروش در مترو تهران

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: زﻧﺎن دﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوش در ﻣﺘﺮوی ﮐﻼن ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮐﻼن ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﻮﯾﺖ زﻧﺎن دﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوش ، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ آن ﻫﺎ را ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻤﻮد ؛ از اﯾﻦ رو اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻫﻮﯾﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن دﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوش ﻣﺘﺮو ﺗﻬﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. روش : اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﮐﯿﻔﯽ و روش ﭘﺪﯾﺪارﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮی در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ و اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوری اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﭘﺲ از ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺑﺎ 23 ﻧﻔﺮ از زﻧﺎن دﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوش ﻣﺘﺮو اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮی ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. رواﯾﯽ و ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎزﺑﯿﻨﯽﻫﺎی دﻗﯿﻖ و ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦﺑﺎره داده ﻫﺎ، ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮﻫﺎ و ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ و ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ آن ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ، ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ و ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ دﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوﺷﺎن ﻣﺘﺮو در ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ بندی ﺷﺪ : 1. دﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوﺷﺎن ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﮐﺎر ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﯾﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﮕﯽ در آن ﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد؛ 2. دﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوﺷﺎن ﺳﺮﺧﻮرده ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دﺧﺘﺮان ﻣﺠﺮد و ﺟﻮان ﯾﺎ زﻧﺎن ﻣﻄﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﺳﺘﻘﻼل ﻣﺎﻟﯽ ﺧﻮد ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺷﻐﻞ روی آورده اﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ آن ﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻏﻠﯿﻦ دﯾﺮوز ﯾﺎ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ ﮐﺮده ﻫﺎی داﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮای رﺷﺘﻪ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ ﺧﻮ د ﻧﯿﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ؛ 3. دﺳﺖ ﻓﺮوﺷﺎن راﺿﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻓﺮوﺷﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ ﻣﺘﺮو و زﻧﺎن ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﯾﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳﺖ در ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. آﻧﺎن از اﯾﻦ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺪون ﻫﯿﭻ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻤﻨﻮﻋﯿﺖ ﺷﻐﻠﯽ، ﺧﻮد را در اﺟﺘﻤﺎع دارای درآﻣﺪی ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻣﯽ دﯾﺪﻧﺪ، اﺑﺮاز رﺿﺎﯾﺖ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ.

identity types of women in the subway

background and aim: women peddlers in tehran subway have become one of the social groups of this metropolis for many years. by recognizing the identity of women traffickers, it is possible to better study the sociological issues of this social group and the issues related to them; therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of recognizing the identity types of women peddlers in tehran subway.method: this research was conducted with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. sampling in this study is a purposeful type and data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. after interviewing 23 women in the subway, saturation was achieved. the validity and reliability of the research was achieved through accurate and repeated reviews of data, interpretations and findings and their confirmation by experts and previous studies.results and conclusion: the social identity of subway vendors was classified into three types: 1. conservative vendors, who were mostly heads or assistant heads of households, were more prone to anonymity than other groups; 2. frustrated vendors mostly included single, young girls or divorced women who turned to the profession for financial independence; most of them were yesterday's employees or university graduates who did not have a suitable background for their field of study; 3. satisfied vendors, most of whom were old metro sellers and women supervisors or assistant supervisors in the family. they expressed satisfaction with the fact that they saw themselves in a well-off society without any job restrictions.