modification, preparation, and characterization, low-cost hydrogel nano/micro composite: regeneration and isotherm models

In this paper, a new method was used to prepare the sa-g-(paa-co-am)/cds, which is an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, available, and highly efficient absorbent material in the removal of congo red dye from an aqueous solution. it was based on developing sodium alginate (sa) modified with cds nano/mico composite and evaluating chemical properties. cds nano/micro composite was combined with sa, and their chemical properties were evaluated by ftir spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction, fesem. the freundlich and langmuir models of adsorption isotherms were studied, and through the results, it was found that it is applied to the freundlich model depending on the value of (r^2=0.9895), compared with the longmire model where the value of (r^2=0.9415), because physical adsorption depends on heterogeneous surfaces. this work developed a simple, eco-friendly, and practical preparation of a low-cost composite cds/alginate hydrogel which can be used for the pollutants removal.