isolation and characterization of furanocoumarins from golden delicious apple seeds

The isolation, characterization, and exploration of the pharmacological potentials of natural-obtained products are the starting steps in discovering new pharmaceutical scaffolds. coumarin-based products attract much of the research concern as secondary metabolites due to their structural variety and various phytobiological activities. in this study, the seeds of golden delicious apple were extracted by four solvents of various polarities, including water, ethanol, chloroform, and ethyl ether. this process was accomplished by applying three extracting techniques: kinetic, ultrasound, and microwavesupported maceration. each technique was performed in three fashions based on the sequence of solvents’ utilization. the resultant 36 extracts were scanned for the presence of certain phytoconstituents, and based on the gathered results, one of the extracts was selected to isolate its content of coumarin-based products. the isolated products were purified via column chromatography and the results acquired from the tlc technique revealed the isolation of two coumarins. the chemical structures of these two products were identified by their scanning on ftir, 1h-nmr, 13c-nmr spectroscopies. from the acquired outcomes and the gathered evidence from the literature, it was concluded that the isolated coumarin-based products belong to the furanocoumarin category and are chemically identified as 2- isoprenylxanthotoxin and chloromethylisopimpinellin.