comparison of primary maladaptive schemas, personality traits, and emotional expression style in normal and emotionally divorced couples in tehran

Objective: the objective of this research was to compare primary maladaptive schemas, personality traits, and emotional expression style in normal couples and couples experiencing emotional divorce.methods: the research method was descriptive-causal comparative. the statistical population of the study consisted of women referred to the iranian sexual health association clinic in the year 2024. based on the population, a sample of 120 individuals (60 women with emotional divorce and 60 normal women) were selected using convenience sampling. to collect data, young's schema questionnaire-short form (ysq-sf) (1988), the revised neo personality inventory short form (neo-pi-r-sf) by costa & mccrae (1992), and king and emmons' expressive style questionnaire (1990) were used. multivariate analysis of variance (manova) was employed for data analysis.results: the results showed a significant difference between primary maladaptive schemas, personality traits (except for the neuroticism subscale), and emotional expression style in normal couples compared to couples experiencing emotional divorce.conclusions: it appears that attention to such variables plays an important role in primary and secondary prevention, and psychologists and counselors should pay attention to these variables in clinical and counseling settings.