psychological analysis of the fariba vafi's novel after the end based on the personality theories of freud and jung

Objective: the present study aims to examine the psychological dimensions of the main and supporting characters in fariba vafi's novel after the end through the lens of psychoanalytic perspectives put forth by sigmund freud and carl gustav jung. vafi, being an eminent contemporary author, delves into women's issues within the novel, highlighting the significance of psychoanalyzing the female characters.methods: the utilization of feminist theory, which focuses on women and gender disparities in society, provides a foundational framework for scrutinizing the psychological facets of the female characters in the narrative. employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the main and supporting female characters are assessed in accordance with freud's three-tiered model of consciousness - conscious, subconscious, and unconscious - and jung's classification of individuals into extroverts and introverts based on their orientation towards the outer or inner world.results: various psychoanalytical concepts such as freud's unconscious mind, repression, sublimation, along with jung's theories of introversion and extroversion, are meticulously examined in relation to the characters' development in the novel. the overarching theme of the narrative revolves around the juxtaposition of traditional and contemporary women's challenges and shortcomings. despite striving to distance themselves from conventional norms, modern women encounter a persistent internal conflict between societal expectations and progressive ideologies. both traditional and modern women share a common sense of discontentment with their circumstances. the interactions between men and women in the story underscore a struggle for identity reclamation and reconstruction particularly evident among the female characters.conclusions: central to the novel is the recurrent exploration of the narrator's past and memories, presented through dialogues between two women grappling with social and familial issues. the narrative underscores the foundational role of love in shaping real-life experiences.