adsorption of cd(ii) onto olive stones powder biosorbent: isotherms and kinetic studies

Substantial hazards are posed by cadmium (cd), a hazardous heavy metal, to both human well-being and the ecosystem. to address this, the environmentally friendly and cost-effective technique of biosorption is employed, utilizing biological materials. in our research, emphasis was placed on the development of a biosorbent material using readily available agricultural waste, olive stones powder (osp). the effectiveness of osp in the extraction of cd(ii) ions from diverse aqueous solutions under various experimental parameters was evaluated. additionally, the adsorption kinetics and isotherms were analyzed using different models. the findings revealed a strong adsorption capacity and affinity of osp for cd(ii) ions, with a maximum value of 20.245 mg/g achieved at ph 6, an osp dosage of 0.05 g, and a contact time of 30 minutes. the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and conformed to the freundlich isotherm model. furthermore, comparison of the maximum capacity value (qm) of osp obtained in our study with previous research showed it to fall within the intermediate range. overall, our study demonstrated the potential of osp as a highly effective biosorbent material for the efficient elimination of cd(ii) ions from aqueous solutions.