Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Behavioral or Neurodevelopmental Disorder? Testing the HiTOP Framework Using Machine Learning Methods

Background: in current study, we aimed to investigate if attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is better to be categorized among behavioral or neurodevelopmental disorders, based on some familial and environmental factors. methods: we conducted correlation analysis to identify psychiatric disorders in the dataset which have an important impact on adhd. also, we used machine learning-based approaches combined with a feature selection algorithm to cluster and classify adhd as a behavioral or neurodevelopmental disorder. results: model evaluation showed that adhd is clustered in the group of behavioral disorders with the accuracy of 78%. furthermore, support vector machine (svm) classified adhd as a behavioral disorder with the accuracy of 72.66% and as a neurodevelopmental disorder with the accuracy of 60.07%. conclusion: in sum, we can say that our findings support categorizations systems like hitop in comparison to dsm-5. however, as biological factors were not included in our analysis, it should be considered with caution and examined in future researches.