نقش مشارکت اجتماعی در بهبود عملکرد مدیریت بحران فضای شهری مطالعه موردی: شهر رباط ‌کریم

امروزه مدیریت بحران یک بخش اساسی از مسائل شهری است. قبل از تعقیب هرگونه اهداف بلند، نقش مشارکت اجتماعی برای تضمین ثبات و موفقیت مستمر مدیریت بحران ضروری است. مدیریت بحران موثر نیازمند یک رویکرد منظم و نظام‌مند مبتنی بر مشارکت اجتماعی،‌ حساسیت مدیریتی و یک درک خوب از اهمیت مدیریت بحران از سوی ساکنین است. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش مشارکت اجتماعی در بهبود عملکرد مدیریت بحران شهری در شهر رباط ‌کریم است. در این راستا پس از بررسی مباحث نظری در حوزه مشارکت اجتماعی و با تکیه‌ بر مباحث مدیریت بحران شاخص‌های تاثیرگذار بر مشارکت اجتماعی شناسایی شدند. روش تحقیق، پیمایشی و جامعه آماری شهروندان شهر رباط‌ کریم می‌باشند که به شیوه نمونه‌گیری تصادفی 383 نفر با روش کوکران به‌عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد که ضریب همبستگی مشارکت اجتماعی و مدیریت بحران با ضریب 0/783 معنادار می‌باشد و با استفاده از آزمون رگرسیون خطی نقش مشارکت اجتماعی با 0/765 درصد در بهبود عملکرد مدیریت بحران مثبت ارزیابی‌شده است. در واقع می‌توان گفت با ارتقاء یک واحد از هر متغیر مستقل (مشارکت اجتماعی) به میزان ضریب نوشته‌شده متغیر وابسته ارتقاء پیدا خواهد کرد. بنابراین در نظام مدیریت بحران شهر رباط‌ کریم، اساسی‌ترین مولفه، افزایش مشارکت اجتماعی است.

The Role of Social Participation in Improving the Performance of Urban Space Crisis Management Case Study: Robat Karim City

Extended AbstractIntroductionThe importance of crises, natural and unnatural disasters in human settlements due to the unpredictable nature of disasters and hazards and the need for quick and correct adoption to prevent and reduce the consequences of crises, a knowledge called crisis management has been created. Also, given that most events happen suddenly, it is necessary to make the accurate decision at the appropriate time. These decisions should include pre, during and postcrisis measures in the form of knowledge and principles of crisis management. Before pursuing any longterm goals, the role of social participation is essential to ensure the stability and continued success of crisis management. Effective crisis management requires a systematic approach based on social participation, managerial sensitivity, and a proper understanding of the importance of crisis management by residents. In this regard, the present study tries to examine the role of citizen participation in improving the performance of urban space crisis management because local communities with their extensive participation have always been the first to help those affected by the crisis. Therefore, they should be empowered as much as possible. The location of the present study is the city of Robat Karim. This is doubly important in the city of Robat Karim, given that it is a city that has the potential for many dangers and crises. Therefore, the main question is as follow:what is the role of social participation in improving the performance of crisis management in the city of Robat Karim? MethodologyThis research is applied and descriptiveanalytical one in terms of purpose and research method, respectively.  Data collection has been done by two predominant documentary and field methods. Thus, in the theoretical foundations section, articles, dissertations and library documents have been used, and in the field section, questionnaire tools have been exerted. The statistical population of the study is 105393 people of Robat Karim in 2016. Using Cochran’s formula, 383 people were randomly selected as the statistical sample size. Research indicators were extracted from sources and studies as research background and then these indicators were provided to experts in the form of a questionnaire to confirm their validity according to the conditions of the region. We used Cronbach’s alpha test to ensure the reliability or reliability of the research. After performing the test, the statistical value was calculated with 0.798 more than 0.75, which indicates the acceptable reliability of the research. In order to analyze the data, a questionnaire was developed and completed to receive residents’ opinions and then using SPSS software and statistical methods such as correlation coefficient and simple linear regression test to analyze the data. Results and discussionIn the present study, social participation with three indicators (participation in decisionmaking and management, participation in financing, participation in human resources) and 14 subindicators as independent variables and crisis management with three indicators (social, physical, management and rescue) and 14 subindices have been measured as dependent variables. According to the test results, it was found that Pearson correlation coefficient of two variables is equal to 0.783 and the value of the adjusted coefficient of determination is equal to 0.579, which indicates the ability of the independent variable to explain the variance of the dependent one. That is, the independent variable explains 57% of the dependent changes, and the rest of these changes, known as the error quantity squares, are influenced by variables outside the model. Also, the value of Watson’s camera is equal to 1.23, which indicates that the remains are independent of each other. The value of regression for this model is equal to 28.27 and the residual value is equal to 21.80 and because the amount of residual squares is less than the sum of regression squares, it shows that the high explanatory power of the model in explaining the changes of the dependent variable. ConclusionIt can be summarized that with the expansion of citizen participation, the ability and performance of crisis management in this city will improve. And in the crisis management system of Robat Karim city, the most basic component is the increase of social participation, and this increase of participation is possible with a communitybased and peoplecentered strategy. Therefore, in the first step, the capacities of the society should be identified and used while covering the existing gaps and needs of the people and regions / neighborhoods. Therefore, the development of this capacity and the use of other social and civic capacities with high social mobility and the use of these potentials should be put on the agenda.