بررسی نقش راهبردِ بازآفرینی در ساماندهی بافت‌های قدیمی و فرسوده شهرها با رویکرد توسعه پایدار مطالعه موردی: محله غریبان شهر اردبیل

موضوع فرسودگی بافت قدیمی، امروزه یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌ها و مسائل اغلب شهرهای کهن ایرانی است که فرا روی جامعه‌ی تصمیم گیران و برنامه ریزان شهری قرارگرفته است. در دهه‌های اخیر رشد شتابان شهرنشینی و توسعه و گسترش بی‌رویه شهرها؛ تنگناها، معضلات و پیچیدگی‌هایی را به همراه داشته که شدت یافتن ضرباهنگ تغییر فضایی کالبدی در بخش‌های قدیمی و‌ مرکزی شهرها از پیامدهای آن پدیده بوده است. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال بررسی و ارزیابی بازآفرینی محله قدیمی غریبان شهر اردبیل، در جهت تحرک و سرزندگی با ایجاد سلسله‌مراتب خدماتی، افزایش کیفیت‌های محیطی و ارتقای ایمنی و امنیت محلی می‌باشد. روش تحقیق، توصیفی تحلیلی بوده و برای ارزیابی بازآفرینی، چهار مولفه کالبدی، محیطی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی با زیرمعیارهایشان موردبررسی قرارگرفته است. جامعه آماری شامل کل جمعیت محله موردمطالعه به تعداد 3335 نفر می‌باشد که برمبنای فرمول کوکران350 نفر به‌عنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل آماری داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار spss استفاده گردید. در بخش آمار توصیفی از میانگین و انحراف معیار و در بخش آمار استنباطی از آزمون t تک نمونه‌ای و تحلیل واریانس و لون استفاده به عمل آمد. نتایج آزمون تی تک نمونه‌ای تفاوت معنی‌داری را بین میانگین تاثیر بازآفرینی محله غریبان بر کاهش مشکلات کالبدی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی نشان می‌دهد، بنابراین می‌توان گفت که بازآفرینی محله غریبان بر کاهش مشکلات کالبدی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی محله غریبان کاملاً موثر است. اما میانگین متغیر کیفیت محیطی کمتر از میانگین نظری 3 بوده و می‌توان گفت بازآفرینی محله غریبان بر کاهش مشکلات کیفیت محیطی محله غریبان چندان موثر نبوده است.

Investigation of the Role of Regeneration Strategy in Organizing Old and Wornout Textures of Cities with Sustainable Development ApproachCase Study: Ghariban neighborhood of Ardabil

Extended AbstractIntroductionThese days, the issue of depreciation of old textures of cities is one of the most important challenges facing the urban planners and decision makers. Undoubtedly, change is a prerequisite for the continuity and evolution of human life, and with varying degrees of acceleration, it traces itself to time and place. In recent decades, the rapid growth of urbanization has led to the irregular development and expansion of cities, bottlenecks, problems and complexities. The consequence of this phenomenon has been the intensifying pace of spatialphysical change of cities in general and urban centers, ancient textures and, in particular, the central parts of cities. This has often led to a decline in social status, disorganization in the spatialphysical organization, economic deterioration, and functional inefficiency in these areas. The present study seeks to investigate and reevaluate the regeneration of the old Ghariban neighborhood of Ardebil, in order to stimulate vitality by creating service hierarchies, enhancing environmental quality and promoting local safety and security. MethodologyThe research method is descriptiveanalytical and in explaining the quantitative value of the evaluation components, four criteria: physical, environmental, economic and social quality are processed with their subcriteria. The statistical population includes the total population of the study area with 3335 people and based on Cochran formula 350 ones were selected as statistical sample. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis of the data. Fivepoint Likert scale was used to operate the variables. In this way, number 3 was selected as the theoretical mean of the answers and then the mean of satisfaction was compared with number 3. To obtain residents’ satisfaction, onesample ttest with test value (3%) and 95% confidence interval (5% error) were used. In descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics, onesample Ttest and ANOVA were used. Results and discussionPhysical variable was significant at the mean level of 3.29 and there is a significant difference with the theoretical average because it is higher than the theoretical average of 3. Therefore, it can be said that regeneration of the Ghariban neighborhood is effective on reducing physical problems in Ghariban neighborhood. The social variable with a mean of 3.312 was at the significant level and there is a significant difference with the theoretical average because it is higher than the theoretical average of 3. Therefore, it can be said that regeneration of the Ghariban neighborhood is effective on declining the social problems of it. The economic variable was significant at the level of 3.578, there is a significant difference with the theoretical average because it is higher than the theoretical average of 3. Therefore, it can be said that regeneration of the Ghariban neighborhood is effective on decreasing the economic problems of it. The environmental quality variable was not significant at the mean of 2.94 and it was not significantly different from the theoretical mean because it was lower than the theoretical average. Finally, it can be said that regeneration has not been very effective on reducing neighborhood environmental quality problems. According to the averages obtained from the subcriteria of each variable, it can be said that the economic variable with the mean of 3.57 had the highest average. The lowest mean was related to the environmental quality variable with a mean of 2.94. Among the variables, the physical, social and economic variables are higher than the theoretical average (equal to 3), that is, residents rated these three variables in a better condition than the other ones and mean environmental quality variable is less than 3. Regarding the mean of the four variables, it can be said that the obtained mean (3.27) is higher than the theoretical average. Finally, the results of the onesample ttest show a significant difference between the average impact of regeneration of the neighborhood on the reduction of physical, social and economic problems. Therefore, it can be said that the regeneration of the Ghariban neighborhood is quite effective on reducing the physical, social and economic problems of the Ghariban neighborhood. The results of analysis of ANOVA and ttest for characteristics affecting satisfaction indicated that in assessing residents’ satisfaction with the quality of regeneration, only the variables of occupation type and education of residents were effective. ConclusionThe biggest dangers to be found in the wornout texture of the Ghariban neighborhood is the issue of unintended and continuous changes in the social composition of the inhabitants of such textures. When the original inhabitants of these areas for reasons that can certainly be rooted in the lack of public and municipal services, physical exhaustion and failure of officials to pay attention to addressing the infrastructure or superstructure deficiencies of these areas and even the modernization and behavioral and cultural changes of major residents and landowners of textures under the influence of the wave of progress and development; they leave their ancestral housing and original neighborhood, and this is where most of the social, economic, cultural, and even physical damage to the textures begins. Considering the necessity mentioned in this study, the effect of regeneration of the Ghariban neighborhood on the investigated factors (physical, social, economic and environmental quality) was examined. The results of the analyzes indicated that there was a significant difference between the mean of the impact of regeneration of the Ghariban neighborhood on the reduction of physical, social and economic problems with the theoretical average or comparison criterion (3 out of 5). And the impact of regeneration of Ghariban neighborhood on reducing physical, social and economic problems is more than theoretical average and positive. Therefore, it can be said that regeneration of the Ghariban neighborhood is effective on decreasing the physical, social and economic problems of it. But the average of environmental quality variable is less than theoretical average 3. Therefore, it can be said that regeneration of the Ghariban neighborhood has not been effective on reducing environmental quality problems in it.