مدل علّی شبکه‌سازی در پارک‌های علم و فناوری

امروزه توسعه پارک‌های علم و فناوری و بهبود عملکرد آنها در گروی همکاری با صنعت و دانشگاه و ارتباط با محیط و مراکز مرتبط است. از این‌رو شناسایی شبکه همکاری و شاخص‌های شبکه‌سازی در پارک‌های علم و فناوری حائز اهمیت است. هدف این پژوهش شناسایی شاخص‌های شبکه‌سازی در پارک‌های علم و فناوری است. روش پژوهش حاضر کیفی بوده و در آن از سه روش فراترکیب، دلفی فازی و دیماتل استفاده شد. جستجو در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی فارسی و انگلیسی انجام و10 مطالعه مرتبط شناسایی، مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. برای تایید شاخص‌های شبکه‌سازی مستخرج از ادبیات نظری، از 13 نفر از خبرگان و مدیران پارک فناوری پردیس نظرسنجی و شاخص‌ها با استفاده از روش دلفی فازی توسط خبرگان تایید شد. به منظور ترسیم مدل علّی روابط بین شاخص‌ها از روش دیماتل استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار اکسل تجزیه و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد شبکه‌سازی در پارک‌های علم و فناوری دارای 15 شاخص از قبیل ارتقاء سطح محصولات، اطلاعات، افزایش سهم بازار، اهداف و ایجاد ارزش است. از نظر خبرگان، شاخص افزایش سهم بازار در اولویت اول و یادگیری سازمانی در آخرین رتبه قرار می‌گیرد. ترسیم مدل علّی شبکه‌سازی نشان داد، شاخص‌هایی مانند مدیریت، یادگیری سازمانی، اطلاعات و دانش از شاخص‌های اثرگذار هستند. شاخص هائی نظیر توسعه محصول جدید، فرصت‌سازی بازار، روابط و بهره‌برداری از فرصت نیز از شاخص‌های تاثیرپذیر در شبکه‌سازی پارک-های علم و فناوری هستند.

causal model of networking in science and technology parks

abstractnowadays, the development of science and technology parks and improving their performance depends on cooperation with industry and university and communication with the environment and related centers. hence, it is important to identify cooperation network and networking indicators in science and technology parks. the purpose of this research is to identify the indicators of networking in science and technology parks. the method of the current research is qualitative and in it three methods of metacomposition, fuzzy delphi and dimetal were used. a search was made in persian and english databases and 10 related studies were identified and analyzed. in order to verify the networking indicators extracted from the theoretical literature, 13 experts and managers of pardis technology park were surveyed and the indicators were confirmed by the experts using the fuzzy delphi method. in order to draw the causal model of the relationships between the indicators, dematel method was used. the data was analyzed using excel software. the results showed that networking in science and technology parks has 15 indicators, such as improving the level of products, information, increasing market share, goals and creating value. according to experts, the market share increase index is the first priority and organizational learning is the last. drawing the causal model of networking showed that indicators such as management, organizational learning, information and knowledge are effective indicators. indicators such as new product development, market opportunity creation, relationships and opportunity exploitation are also effective indicators in the networking of science and technology parks.introductionnowadays, the development of science and technology parks and improving their performance depends on cooperation with industry and universities and communication with the environment and related centers. hence, it is important to identify cooperation network and networking indicators in science and technology parks. the ultimate mission of technology parks is to be able to coordinate the results obtained from academic research with the needs of the industry and thus fill the gap between the industry and the university, and this will ultimately lead to the commercialization of knowledge. one of the major influential factors in changing the approach of science and technology parks and creating new structures and mechanisms is the birth of new concepts such as networking in the field of business. the purpose of business networking is to increase competition, cooperation and organizational expansion. considering the importance of these centers and the impact of networking on their performance, it is essential to identify the indicators of networking in science and technology parks. so far, many researchers have investigated the relationship between science and technology parks and other actors in the innovation ecosystem, but few researchers have focused only on the indicators of park networking. in this regard, this research aims to identify the factors influencing the networking of science and technology parks and to evaluate the cause-and-effect relationships between these factors by using the method of a systematic review of previous studies (super combination) and a survey of experts. this question should answer what are the indicators of networking in science and technology parks.literature reviewpaztto and burin’s research (2022) indicates that management control systems are effective in inter-organizational cooperation and identification of companies. this system promotes collaborative behaviors among companies related to science and technology parks. networking and inter-organizational partnership ultimately lead to knowledge and information sharing, increasing flexibility, improving problem-solving strategies and limiting the use of power. the research of glitova et al. (2022) showed that for cooperation and networking between industry, university and the public sector, attention should be paid to indicators such as knowledge creation by universities, research and development centers and businesses, technology transfer, creation of new businesses, industrial clusters, business support services, customization, building the necessary infrastructure and equipment, and legal requirements at the local level are required. the research of khan-mirzaei et al. (2021) showed that networking and emphasizing cooperation and communication between science and technology parks and growth centers can lead to gaining a competitive advantage for the national economy.