موانع پیاده سازی تکنولوژی بلاکچین در لجستیک بشردوستانه در شرایط عدم قطعیت

در عصر دیجیتال، فناوری بلاک چین به عنوان نوآوری عملیاتی شناخته شده است که به سرعت در حال پیوستن به زمینه زنجیره تامین و لجستیک بشردوستانه است. از این رو، تکنولوژی بلاکچین این پتانسیل را دارد که زمینه کمک های بشردوستانه را به طور اساسی تغییر دهد، اما هنوز تحقیقات نسبتاً کمی با هدف بهبود درک موانع مختلف پذیرش بلاک چین در لجستیک بشردوستانه منتشر شده است. هدف این تحقیق ارائه یک چارچوب یکپارچه جهت ارزیابی موانع پذیرش بلاک چین در زمینه لجستیک بشردوستانه است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل موانع از رویکرد یکپارچه روش fmea مبتنی بر z-aras در سه فاز استفاده شده است. در فاز اول این رویکرد بر اساس ادبیات، 10 مانع پذیرش بلاک چین در لجستیک بشردوستانه بر اساس روش fmea شناسایی شده و عوامل تعیین کننده rpn مقدار دهی می شوند. در فاز دوم، با بهره گیری از نظرات خبرگان، وزن های عوامل سه گانه محاسبه می شوند. سپس در فاز سوم، با توجه به خروجی های فاز های قبل، موانع با استفاده از روش پیشنهادی z-aras با در نظر گرفتن عدم قطعیت و قابلیت اطمینان اولویت بندی می شوند. رویکرد پیشنهادی این تحقیق در ارزیابی موانع پیاده سازی بلاک چین در لجستیک بشردوستانه پیاده سازی گردید و بر اساس نتایج، مشکلات یکپارچه سازی، ریسک حملات سایبری و ریسک های فناوری به عنوان موانع مهم و بحرانی شناسایی شده اند. نتایج حاصل از رویکرد پیشنهادی نشانگر قابلیت و برتری آن در مقایسه با سایر روش ها نظیر fmea و آراس فازی بوده است.

barriers to blockchain adoption in humanitarian logistics in an uncertain environment

abstractin the digital age, blockchain technology is recognized as an operational innovation that is rapidly joining the field of supply chain and humanitarian logistics. hence, blockchain technology has the potential to fundamentally change the field of humanitarian aid, but still relatively little research has been published aimed at improving understanding of the various barriers to blockchain adoption in humanitarian logistics. the aim of this research is to provide an integrated framework for evaluating the barriers to blockchain adoption in the field of humanitarian logistics. to assess the barriers, integrated approach has been applied in three phases. in the first phase of this approach, based on the literature, 10 barriers to the adoption of blockchain in humanitarian logistics are identified and evaluated using the fmea method. in the second phase, using the opinions of experts, the weights of the three factors are calculated. then, in the third phase and according to the outputs of the previous phases, obstacles are prioritized using the proposed z-aras method. in addition to assigning different weights to the three factors considering uncertainty and reliability in barriers is also considered in this approach through the theory of z numbers. the proposed approach of current study was implemented in the evaluation of blockchain adoption barriers in humanitarian logistics. according to the results, the most critical barriers concern with integrating issues, risk of cyber-attacks, and technology risks. the results shown the capability and superiority of the proposed approach compared to other traditional methods such as fmea and fuzzy aras.introductionin the context of the fourth industrial revolution, advanced technologies are reshaping production and business models across various industries, offering new opportunities for enhanced competitiveness but also introducing challenges in terms of adoption and optimization (wong et al., 2020; khan et al., 2021). notably, the convergence of advanced technology and humanitarian logistics is crucial, especially in addressing natural and man-made disasters (ar et al., 2020; dubey et al., 2020). this necessitates effective management and the combination of humanitarian logistics with blockchain technology, although this integration comes with multifaceted challenges (baharmand et al., 2021).to address these challenges, we explore the failure modes and effects analysis (fmea) method as a systematic approach to identify and assess barriers and risks. traditional fmea approaches rely on subjective evaluations, which introduce uncertainty into the results. in this context, our research aims to introduce an innovative approach that addresses these limitations by integrating the aras method and z-numbers theory. this approach allows for more reliable prioritization of barriers related to blockchain technology adoption in humanitarian logistics, enhancing the robustness and effectiveness of decision-making processes. in this extended abstract, we present our method and compare its outcomes with traditional approaches to prioritize barriers and risks in blockchain technology adoption within humanitarian logistics. also, the barriers to blockchain technology adoption in humanitarian logistics and how to prioritize these barriers are among the main research questions. literature reviewblockchain technology is gaining traction in supply chains due to its diverse applications and unique advantages. as supply chains face increasing disruptions, blockchain technology adoption can address challenges and enhance performance (akhavan philsoophian, 2022; hald kinra, 2019). blockchain structures data into interconnected blocks, ensuring the security and transparency of transactions (akhavan namvar, 2021; azizi et al., 2021). blockchain technology is appealing for supply chains due to four main characteristics: encouraging data sharing, minimizing fraudulent transactions, ensuring data immutability, and providing asset security (babich hilary, 2020; cole, stevenson, aitken, 2019; rahimi, akhavan, philsofian, darabi, 2022).research on blockchain applications in humanitarian logistics primarily focuses on motivations, such as improved collaboration, transparency, trust, cost reduction, intermediary removal, and shared participation (baharmand, maghsoudi, et al., 2021; seyedsayamdost vanderwal, 2020). however, more research is needed in this area (sahebi, masoomi, ghorbani, 2020). existing studies have identified barriers to blockchain adoption in humanitarian supply chains, including financial constraints, senior management support, organizational readiness, technological complexity, infrastructure, technology compatibility, and regulatory issues (baharmand comes, 2019).multi-criteria decision-making methods (mcdm) have been used to improve fmea’s performance (ghoushchi et al., 2021; ghoushchi et al., 2022). these approaches often combine fmea with methods like gra, bwm, topsis, and ahp in various fuzzy environments. such integrated methods have been proposed for barrer identification in the context of blockchain adoption (li, li, sun, wang, 2018; lo liou, 2018; kolios, umofia, shafiee, 2017; carpitella, certa, izquierdo, la fata, 2018; sayyadi tooranloo ayatollah, 2017). additionally, unified methods like moora have been applied to address specific challenges in different contexts (jafarzadeh ghoushchi, memarpour ghiaci, et al., 2022).the literature indicates a gap in research on blockchain applications in humanitarian logistics, as most studies focus on business supply chains. using insights from business supply chains to inform decisions in humanitarian logistics can be misleading, given their fundamental differences (baharmand, saeed, comes, lauras, 2021). consequently, this study aims to address these gaps by proposing an extended fmea approach based on mcdm methods to identify and prioritize barriers to blockchain adoption in humanitarian logistics, using z-numbers theory. methodologythe proposed approach of this research is presented, utilizing fmea and z-aras methods for barrier assessment.