تحلیل مبانی اندیشه و نظریه‌های چارلز جنکس در گفتمان معاصر معماری

بیان مساله: اعتبار و ارزش نظریه‌های یک نظریه‌پرداز، همواره به عنوان یک مسئله‌ی واجد اهمیت در تاریخ معماری مطرح بوده است. «چارلز جنکس» اندیشمندی است که نقش مهمی در نقد «مدرنیسم معماری» دارد. او با آثار مکتوب خود توانست بر شکل‌گیری «پست مدرنیسم» موثر باشد. اما آنچه که در میان نظریات وی نیازمند تحلیل بیشتر است، بررسی چگونگی روند شکل‌گیری و تکامل اندیشه‌ها و نیز ساختارمند کردن آن، از طریق مراجعه به متابع مکتوب درباره‌ی او است. مقاله‌ی حاضر در چهار مرحله، این سیر تحوّل را در طول دوران فعالیت حرفه‌ای‌ وی مورد تحلیل قرار داده است. سوال تحقیق: جوهره‌ی نظریه‌ی چارلز جنکس چیست؟ چرا می‌توان او را به عنوان یک نظریه‌پرداز در حوزه‌ی معماری دانست؟ نظریه‌ی وی چگونه جهان نظریه‌پردازی در معماری را تحت تاثیر قرار داده است؟اهداف تحقیق: این مقاله پس از جمع‌بندی تحلیلی نظریات جنکس و بررسی نظام معرفتی وی، هدف خود را بر اثبات صحّت و اصالت نظریه‌پردازی او و تاثیر جوهره‌ی اندیشه‌اش بر جهان نظریه‌پردازی معماری قرار داده است.روش تحقیق: مقاله‌ی حاضر نتیجه‌ی پژوهشی از نوع بنیادی است و رهیافت آن کیفی بوده و از نظر روش، در چارچوب مطالعات اقدام‌پژوهی مبتنی بر مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای مختصات‌یابی می‌شود. مهم‌ترین یافته‌ها و نتیجه‌گیری تحقیق: به عنوان نتیجه می‌توان به شاخصه‌های مهم و موفق شیوه‌ی نظریه‌پردازی او در پنج گزاره‌ی شامل کشف رابطه‌ی بین پدیده‌ها، استقراء، قیاس، استنتاج، و شهود اشاره کرد و او را به عنوان یک نظریه‌پرداز مولف در حوزه‌ی معماری تلقّی نمود. در خاتمه می‌توان اظهار کرد که نظریه‌ی وی ملاک‌های اصلی ارزیابی یک نظریه، یعنی جامعیت، ایجاز یا سادگی، آزمون‌پذیری و ابطال‌پذیری را داراست.

analysis of charles jencks' theoretical foundations in contemporary architectural discourse

the validity and value of a theorist's theories has always been an important issue in the history of architecture. charles jencks is a thinker who played an important role in the critique of architectural modernism. he was able to have a significant impact on the formation of postmodernism with his written works. due to his extensive studies in the field of history, foundations, and theory of architecture, his ideas and theoretical positions underwent many transformations. however, what requires further analysis among his theories is an examination of how his ideas were formed and transformed, as well as their structuring, by referring to his written works. this paper analyzes this evolution over the course of his career in four stages. after analytically summarizing jencks's theories and examining his epistemological system, this paper aims to prove the validity and originality of theorizing and the impact of the essence of his theory on the world of architectural theorizing.research question: what is the essence of charles jencks' theory? why can he be considered a theorist in the field of architecture? how has his theory influenced the world of architectural theorizing?research method: the present paper is the result of a fundamental research, and its approach is qualitative, and in terms of methodology, it is located within the framework of action research studies based on library studies. action research is a qualitative research method. in this approach, the researcher or change agent identifies a problem or issue, collects detailed information to solve it or make a change, then takes appropriate action and evaluates the results of the action. the structure of the paper is defined in four steps: in the first step, written works and works written about charles jencks are collected and sourced. in the second step, the evolution of his ideas is staged, and the third step, after explaining the essence of his theory, will deal with his epistemological system. finally, the fourth step presents the main characteristics of his theorizing.the most important results and conclusion: he began his theorizing with a sense of necessity to review and rethink the fundamental foundations of modernism, and by moving through various branches of postmodernism over the past few decades, he has attempted to broaden others' definitions of these terms. as a result, we can point out the important and successful characteristics of his theorizing method in the five propositions; discovering the relationship between phenomena, induction, deduction, and intuition, and consider him as an author theorist in the field of architecture. in conclusion, it can be stated that his theory has the main criteria for evaluating a theory, namely; comprehensiveness, conciseness or simplicity, testability, and researchability.