the effects of maternal exposure riboflavin to prevent uterus arsenic damage in offspring rats

Background: in this study, the efficacy of riboflavin (vb2) in preventing uterus as2o_3 damage was investigated for the first time in the literature.methods: the rats received 40 μg lhrha for estrus synchronization. 48 pregnant wistar rats were included in the study. four groups were formed with 7 rats in each group: sham, 1.5 mg arsenic trioxide (as_2o_3/l) alone or in combination with vb2 (20 and 40 mg/l) in drinking water (for 21 days continuously). moreover, similar to maternal generation treatment the f1-female generation was arranged (for 35 days continuously until puberty).results: based on the results, as_2o_3 reduced body weight and feed intake (p < 0.05). furthermore, the serum malondialdehyde levels in the as_2o_3 group were significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). at the same time, the total antioxidative status and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were reduced (p < 0.05). meanwhile, as_2o_3 remarkably increased the inflammatory markers production [interleukin 6 and c-reactive protein] (p < 0.05). as_2o_3 administration induced uterus apoptosis-related genes by upregulating caspase-3, inos, and bax genes and downregulating bcl-2 gene of pubertal f1-female rats (p < 0.05).conclusion: our observation indicated that vb2 therapy is potentially an effective strategy to modify the detrimental effects of as_2o_3 in pubertal f1-female rats via suppresses oxidative damages.