competency-based medical education and integration in medical education: new approaches in the current century

according to the new cbme approach, the integrated learning method involves considering two or more disciplines or subjects that are close and similar in terms of concepts or methods to explain a competency. the word integration means coordination between different subjects taught during the course. this includes regular updating in the learning process, which contributes to cbme’s goal of making a medical learner a lifelong learner. horizontal integration is when there is harmony between the content presented in the academic semester, either clinical or basic science. while vertical integration involves coordination between basic science and clinical subjects. as a result, the boundaries created by the traditional method of medical education in the form of basic, paraclinical and clinical science subjects will disappear forever. the spiral curriculum and the horizontal and vertical integration, the alignment of subjects in the specific academic calendar as well as other subjects in different stages, ensure the promotion of the curriculum. therefore, the connection between the materials is increased and all the obstacles in the teaching-learning process are removed. therefore, facilitating the retention of concepts, improving skills and developing attitudes of medical learners increases