effect of sodium arsenic on the improvement of tio2/dye as photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (dssc)

The research presents the synthesis and fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells (dsscs) on the influence of sodium arsenic on the enhancement of tio2/dye as photosensitizers, where hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle) and vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) were used as a source of the chlorophyll, sodium arsenic (naas) material of different concentration (0.1-0.4 mol), was synthesized as a layer on top of tio2. the surface morphology study of tio2/naas0.1, tio2/naas0.2/ bitter leaf dye, tio2/naas0.3/ roselle dye, and tio2/naas0.4/the mixture of bitter leaf dye and roselle dye revealed that the micrograph is usually defined with the granular shape of nanotubes. the grain size of tio2/naas0.1 is not too large and delineated by an immense sum of aggregated nanoparticles. the cells structure is polycrystalline with a most outstanding peak at 2 theta angles of 26.73° and 51.84o corresponding to hkl index numbers (111) and (202). the films have a very high absorbance from the plot, and the absorbance of the films increases as the dye molecules vary. the high absorbance of the films shows that the dsscs will be a good material for photovoltaic applications. the fill factor of the films is 0.54, 1.24, 1.23, and 0.99 respectively while the conversion efficiency of 0.86%, 4.48%, 3.44%, and 1.81% was recorded.