تحلیل فضایی توسعه فرهنگی در شهرستان‌های استان کرمانشاه

پیش شرط هر توسعه‌ای، توسعه‌ی فرهنگی است، توسعه بدون دست‌یابی به فرهنگ خاص آن، امکان‌پذیر نیست.در مجموع توسعه فرهنگی را می‌توان فرآیند ارتقاء شئون گوناگون فرهنگ جامعه در راستای اهداف مطلوب دانست که زمینه‌ساز رشد و تعالی انسان‌ها خواهد شد. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر تحلیل فضایی توسعه فرهنگی در استان کرمانشاه‌ می‌باشد، نوع تحقیق کاربردی و از لحاظ روش‌ توصیفی تحلیلی محسوب می‌شود. جامعه آماری آن چهارده شهرستان استان کرمانشاه می‌باشد، که داده‌های مورد نیاز از سالنامه آماری استان کرمانشاه جمع‌آوری شده است. برای رتبه‌بندی و سطح‌بندی شهرستان‌ها از تکنیک‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره ‌sar، aras و waspas، جهت ادغام نتایج از تکنیک کاندرست استفاده گردید و از روش cvبرای مشخص کردن این که کدام شاخص بیشترین اختلاف و نابرابری را دارا می‌باشد استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از تکنیک کاندرست نشان می‌دهد، سه شهرستان (43/21 درصد) برخوردار، سه شهرستان (43/21 درصد) نسبتاً‌ برخوردار، چهار شهرستان (57/28 درصد) نیمه‌برخوردار و چهار شهرستان (57/28 درصد) محروم می‌باشند که این نتایج نشان دهنده‌ی نابرابری اختلاف و نابرابری در توزیع فضایی شاخص‌ فرهنگی در سطح شهرستان‌های استان دارد. با استفاده از روش cv مشخص شد بیشترین اختلاف نابرابری مربوط به تعداد سینما، تعداد سالن سینما و گنجایش تعداد صندلی سینما و کمترین نابرابری مر‌بوط به تعداد چاپخانه دولتی می‌باشد. در نهایت با استفاده از روش درصد تغییرات مشخص شد مدل aras روش مناسب‌تری نسبت به مدل‌ها (‌sar و waspas‌) جهت سنجش وضعیت توسعه فرهنگی شهرستان‌ها است زیرا نتایج حاصل از این مدل دارای کمترین درصد و شدت تغییرات نسبت به مدل‌های دیگر دارد.

spatial analysis of cultural development in the cities of kermanshah province

introductionthe role of culture in development issues is one of the axes of attention of experts. development experts consider culture and life to be inseparable; because understanding the needs of society requires attention to cultural factors (sorkh kamal et al., 2011: 96). today, achieving comprehensive and sustainable development is the main concern of countries and their governments. since man is a cultural being, the foundation of true and sustainable development is the achievement of cultural development (vasosuqi et al., 2012: 82). no development and evolution is desirable and possible without cultural development and evolution (salehi amiri, 2007: 75). cultural development leads to the self confidence of the society, and flourishes the potential and creative abilities of humans in the cultural context (habibi, 2015: 23), iran as a country on the path of development, has a very high diversity of cultural, social, economic and also, with many financial, natural and environmental opportunities, along with issues such as special and strategic geographical location, unique natural and human opportunities, etc., it demands special attention to the category of development (bazazzadeh et al., 2014: 80). the necessity and importance of research comes from the fact that cultural spaces are one of the main pillars of cultural development. on the other hand, one of the most important goals of spatial planning, considering the limited resources, is the optimal and balanced distribution of facilities and services between different settlements (mohammadi and izadi, 2013: 40), hence the recognition of cultural values and the facilities of the different cities of the provinces and their level of cultural development can lead the officials and workers to adopt new policies to strengthen the cultural foundations and form cultural engineering and planning. to deal with future cultural threats (meshkini and ghasemi, 2012: 3 4). the main goal of the current research is the spatial analysis of cultural development in kermanshah province, which determines the cultural development status of fourteen cities in the province in terms of cultural development indicators, so that by identifying the status of the rich and deprived cities, planning and strategies to improve the situation of the deprived cities provide according to the purpose; the research seeks to answer the question of whether there is a difference between the cities of kermanshah province in terms of having a cultural index.methodology the method of this research is based on practical purpose and on the basis of descriptive analytical nature and it tries to determine the level of prosperity of 14 cities of kermanshah province by using multi criteria decision making models. in order to compare and rank them, 24 variables of the cultural sector extracted from the census results of iran statistics center and the statistical yearbook of kermanshah province were used, and the weight of each criterion was determined using shannon's entropy method and from the models sar, aras and waspas multi criteria decision making and the integration of their results with the kanderst method have been used to determine the level of enjoyment and ranking of the cities of the province. cv method was used to determine which index has the most difference and inequality. geographic information system (gis) was used to draw the maps.conclusionaccording to the results, it was found that the biggest difference in inequality is related to the number of cinemas, the number of cinema halls, the number of cinema seats and the number of cinema spectators with (3.742) and the lowest inequality is related to the number of government printing houses with (0.000). after unscaling the variables and weighting with entropy method, three techniques (sar, aras and waspas) have been used to categorize the cities of the province. the findings based on the sar model show that there is no deprived city.the cities of qasr shirin, paveh and dalaho are rich, sahne, ravansar, kangavar and songhor are relatively rich and 50% of the cities (harsin, gilangharb, kermanshah, kangavar, islamabad gharb, javanrood and sarpol zahab) are semi rich. the stratification of the aras technique shows that, like the sar model, there are no deprived cities, three cities dalaho, qasr shirin and paveh are blessed, six cities are salas babajani, songhor, gilangharb, sahne. , harsin and ravansar are relatively prosperous and five cities, sarpol zahab, kangavar, kermanshah, islamabad gharb and javanrood are semi prosperous. in the waspas technique, there are no relatively prosperous cities, four cities, dalaho, qasr shirin, paveh and salas babajani, respectively, are ranked one to four and semi efficient, and the rest of the cities are songor, sahneh, gilangharb, harsin, ravansar, sarpol zahab, islamabad gharb, kermanshah, kangavar and javanrood are among the deprived cities of the province, although the development coefficient of the cities of the province is not much different. finally, based on the contrast technique that integrates the results of three models (sar, aras, waspas) and provides a single result, according to the results of the kandrst model, 21.43% of the cities are privileged, 21.43% of the cities are relatively well off, 28.57%. the percentage of the cities is semi provided and 28.57 percent of the cities are deprived, which shows that there is inequality in the distribution of cultural indicators at the province level. kermanshah city, as the capital of the province, ranks first to second and is among the cities with the most benefits, but according to the results obtained from the kandrst method, it is ranked 10th and in the group of semi sufficient cities.one of the reasons for this is the high population of this city and the low per capita of each of the mentioned variables in kermanshah city. although the facilities and the amount of cultural variables in this city may be more than other cities, but the population of this city is much more than other cities and when it is per capita, it is less per capita than other cities. a city may have a smaller population, but when it is made per capita, it causes more per capita than the cities with a larger population, and when it is leveled and ranked, except for the cities with the status and better rank.keywords‌: spatial analysis; cultural index; kermanshah‌; kandrst