بررسی تاثیر سلامت معنوی و هنجارهای ذهنی بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی ( ‏مطالعه موردی: لاهیجان) ‏

رفتار زیست محیطی، به رفتاری گفته می‌شود که فرد هنگام مواجهه با محیط‌زیست از خود نشان می‌دهد و این رفتار براساس نظام ‏اجتماعی، شخصیتی و فرهنگی هر فرد متفاوت است. این رفتار می‌تواند مثبت و در جهت حفظ محیط زیست باشد و یا میتواند منفی و ‏غیرمسئولانه باشد. رفتار مثبت منجر به کنش آگاهانه و مسئولانه فرد می‌شود. جهت تغییر در رفتار، شناسایی عوامل موثر بر آن گام ‏نخست است. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تاثیر سلامت معنوی و هنجارهای ذهنی بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان در شهر لاهیجان ‏انجام شد. این پژوهش برحسب هدف، کاربردی است. ازنظر ماهیت و رویکرد، یک پژوهش همبستگی است. ازنظر روش گردآوری داده‌ها ‏از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی - پیمایشی، و از نوع کمی است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق، کلیه افراد 18 سال به بالا ساکن در شهر لاهیجان ‏بودند. حجم نمونه بر اساس جدول مورگان 384 نفر تعیین شد. از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای برای توزیع پرسشنامه‌ها استفاده شد. ‏برای تحلیل پرسشنامه‌ها از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری و نرم‌افزار ‏amos24‎‏ استفاده گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات ‏جمع‌آوری‌شده از پرسشنامه‌های تحقیق در این تحقیق در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد نشان داد که سلامت معنوی تاثیر مثبت و معناداری ‏بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان دارد، لذا با افزایش سلامت معنوی، رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان افزایش می‎یابد. سلامت مذهبی تاثیر ‏مثبت و معناداری بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان دارد، لذا با افزایش سلامت مذهبی، رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان افزایش می‎یابد. ‏سلامت وجودی تاثیر مثبت و معناداری بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان دارد، لذا با افزایش سلامت وجودی، رفتار زیست‌محیطی ‏شهروندان افزایش می‎یابد. هنجارهای ذهنی تاثیر مثبت و معناداری بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان دارد، لذا با افزایش هنجارهای ‏ذهنی، رفتار زیست‌محیطی شهروندان افزایش می‎یابد.‏

investigating the effect of spiritual health and subjective norms on the ‎environmental ‎behavior ( case study lahijan) ‎

‎ environmental behavior refers to the behavior that a person shows when facing the ‎environment, and this behavior is different based on the social system, personality and culture ‎of each person. this behavior can be positive and in order to preserve the environment or it can ‎be negative and irresponsible. positive behavior leads to conscious and responsible action. in ‎order to change the behavior, identifying the factors affecting it is the first step. this research ‎was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of spiritual health and mental norms on ‎the environmental behavior of citizens in lahijan city. this research is practical according to its ‎purpose. in terms of nature and approach, it is a correlational research. in terms of the data ‎collection method, it is a descriptive survey type of research, and it is of a quantitative type. ‎the statistical population of this research was all people aged 18 and over living in lahijan ‎city. the sample size was determined based on morgan's table of 384 people. cluster random ‎sampling method was used to distribute the questionnaires. structural equation modeling and ‎amos24 software were used to analyze the questionnaires. the analysis of the information ‎collected from the research questionnaires in this research showed at the 95% confidence level ‎that spiritual health has a positive and significant effect on the environmental behavior of ‎citizens, therefore, with the increase of spiritual health, the environmental behavior of citizens ‎increases. religious health has a positive and significant effect on the environmental behavior ‎of citizens, therefore, with the increase of religious health, the environmental behavior of ‎citizens increases. existential health has a positive and significant effect on the environmental ‎behavior of citizens, so with the increase of existential health, the environmental behavior of ‎citizens increases. mental norms have a positive and significant effect on the environmental ‎behavior of citizens, so with the increase of mental norms, the environmental behavior of ‎citizens increases.‎introduction ‎environmental problems are produced mainly as a result of human behavior. thus, spiritual ‎health, subjective norms, knowledge, attitude and practical intentions of people on ‎environmental issues and how to deal with them, require considerable attention in considering ‎of environmental behaviors. rapid urbanization and lack of urban readiness for accepting ‎emerging social conditions have led to the formation of low quality of urban environments in ‎many developing countries. this issue has directly affected the quality of life of citizens. ‎nowadays, with the increasing environmental issues such as energy crisis, climate change, ‎waste generation and destruction of natural resources and the increase of waste materials due ‎to the development of urbanization, human impact on the environment is one of the most ‎challenging issues of the scientific community. the purpose of this study was to investigating ‎the effect of spiritual health and subjective norms on the environmental ‎behavior. ‎environmental behavior refers to the behavior that a person shows when facing the ‎environment, and this behavior is different based on the social system, personality and culture ‎of each person. this behavior can be positive and in order to preserve the environment or it ‎can be negative and irresponsible. positive behavior leads to conscious and responsible action. ‎in order to change the behavior, identifying the factors affecting it is the first step. one of the ‎criteria for predicting environmental behaviors is spiritual health. spiritual health is defined as ‎a sense of connection with others, having meaning and purpose in life, and having belief and ‎connection with a higher power. spiritual health can lead to responsible environmental ‎behavior through connecting humans to a higher power and creating a purpose in life. when ‎people feel that their behavior is under the supervision of a supreme power that created the ‎world orderly and for the use of all generations of humans, plants and animals, they have a ‎more complete understanding of nature and its preservation, and preserving the environment ‎becomes a major goal in their lives. on the other hand, until the early 1970s, the simplest ‎model of environmental behavior was based on the assumption that by educating people ‎about environmental issues, it will automatically cause environmental behavior from them. ‎this model was later changed in such a way that environmental behavior results from the ‎effect of environmental knowledge on environmental attitude. one of the most widely used ‎behavioral models is eisen's (1991) theory of planned behavior. according to this theory, the ‎desire or intention to perform a certain behavior is influenced by variables such as attitude, ‎mental norms and perceived behavior control. intention to perform behavior is a very good ‎predictor of actual environmental behaviors and knowledge, environmental attitude and ‎subjective norms influence environmental behavior.‎‎ methodology ‎this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of spiritual health and ‎mental norms on the environmental behavior of citizens in lahijan city. this research is ‎practical according to its purpose. in terms of nature and approach, it is a correlational ‎research. in terms of the data collection method, it is a descriptive survey type of research, ‎and it is of a quantitative type. the statistical population of this research was all people aged ‎‎18 and over living in lahijan city. the sample size was determined based on morgan's table ‎of 384 people. cluster random sampling method was used to distribute the questionnaires. ‎structural equation modeling and amos24 software were used to analyze the questionnaires.‎conclusion ‎the analysis of the information collected from the research questionnaires in this research ‎showed at a confidence level of 95% that spiritual health has a positive and significant effect ‎on the environmental behavior of citizens, therefore, with the increase of spiritual health, the ‎environmental behavior of citizen’s increases. religious health has a positive and significant ‎effect on the environmental behavior of citizens, therefore, with the increase of religious ‎health, the environmental behavior of citizens’ increases. existential health has a positive and ‎significant effect on the environmental behavior of citizens, so with the increase of existential ‎health, the environmental behavior of citizens increases. mental norms have a positive and ‎significant effect on the environmental behavior of citizens, so with the increase of mental ‎norms, the environmental behavior of citizens increases.‎