compact ultra-wideband arch-shaped wide-slot antenna with high fidelity factor and bandwidth enhancement for microwave imaging of breast cancer

A new compact ultra-wide band (uwb) arch shaped wide-slot antenna has been implemented for microwave imaging (mi) of breast cancer. it includes a fork-shaped strip and an arched slot ground, has a compact size of 16×20mm with a height of 1mm. the arched slot in the ground plate enhances the impedance bandwidth and the gain of the antenna. it has a bandwidth of 3.7 ghz to 18 ghz, that covers wlan (5.4 ghz), x band (8-12 ghz), and ku band (12-18 ghz) and having gain of 2.7 dbi to 6.3 dbi in the frequency ranges. the fidelity factor was computed for both e-plane and h-plane scenarios, indicating range of 0.922 to 0.975 for the e-plane across all angles. it has a small size, simple design, less signal distortion, a high gain of 6.3 dbi, the fractional bandwidth percentage of 131%. and efficiency of 93.7% at 6 ghz. it has reliable performances in terms of the fidelity factor at all angles compared to the most recent works. a microwave imaging simulation for breast tumor detection is performed to detect changes in the backscattering signal in the presence or absence of a tumor with a high dielectric inclusion. s11 is quite high when measured in front of the breast model and a noticeable difference in s21 exists between the scenarios with and without a tumor in the breast model. a significant variation in the transmission parameter exists across the entire frequency range, the scenarios with and without the presence of the tumor.