کاربرد پرتونگاری صنعتی در عیب یابی و تشخیص ساختار بوردهای الکترونیکی برای مهندسی معکوس

پرتونگاری بوردهای الکترونیکی برای شناسایی مدارات، نحوه اتصالات و خرابی آنها و همچنین ساخت مجدد کاربرد زیادی در مهندسی معکوس دارد. در این روش با عبور پرتو ایکس از بوردهای یک یا چندلایه نحوه اتصالات آنها و چگونگی چینش قطعات مشخص می‌شوند. بررسی ها نشان می دهد که به علت پراکندگی پرتو ایکس و ضخامت کم اتصالات مسی روی بردها و ابعاد کوچک اجزای الکترونیکی در پرتونگاره‌‌ها مات شدگی وجود دارد. در این تحقیق برای بالا بردن کنتراست از روش تغییرات کامل اصلاح شده ( mtv) با گرادیان متناوب که یک روش تکراری بر اساس تغییرات گرادیان در تغییرات کامل است استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد با اجرای الگوریتم mtv روی پرتونگاره‌های بوردهای مختلف کنتراست افزایش یافته و علاوه بر مشخص‌تر شدن اتصالات مسی، اجزای داخلی قطعات الکترونیکی نیز واضح‌تر شده‌‌اند. از نظر متخصصین حدود 20 تا 40% بهبود کنتراست در تصاویر بازسازی شده دیده می‌شود. این اطلاعات می‌تواند در تعمیر و یا ساخت بوردها در مهندسی معکوس استفاده شود. و

the use of industrial radiography in troubleshooting and diagnosing the structure of electronic boards for reverse engineering

x-ray imaging of electronic boards is widely used in reverse engineering to identify circuits, how they are connected, and their damage. in this method, by passing the x-ray through single or multi-layer boards, the way they are connected and how the parts are arranged are determined. investigations show that due to the scattering of x-rays and the thinness of the copper connections on the boards and the small dimensions of the electronic components, there is fogging in the radiographs. in this research, to increase the contrast, the modified complete change method (mtv) with alternating gradient, which is an iterative method based on gradient changes in complete changes, has been used. the results show that with the implementation of the mtv algorithm on the radiographs of different ranges, the contrast has increased and besides the copper connections have become clearer, the internal components of the electronic components have also become clearer. according to experts, about 20 to 40% contrast improvement can be seen in reconstructed images. this information can be used to repair or build boards in reverse engineering.keywords: industrial radiography, reverse engineering, electronic board, modified total variation method, image processing.abstract: x-ray imaging of electronic boards is widely used in reverse engineering to identify circuits, how they are connected, and their damage. in this method, by passing the x-ray through single or multi-layer boards, the way they are connected and how the parts are arranged are determined. investigations show that due to the scattering of x-rays and the thinness of the copper connections on the boards and the small dimensions of the electronic components, there is fogging in the radiographs. in this research, to increase the contrast, the modified complete change method (mtv) with alternating gradient, which is an iterative method based on gradient changes in complete changes, has been used. the results show that with the implementation of the mtv algorithm on the radiographs of different ranges, the contrast has increased and besides the copper connections have become clearer, the internal components of the electronic components have also become clearer. according to experts, about 20 to 40% contrast improvement can be seen in reconstructed images. this information can be used to repair or build boards in reverse engineering.