بررسی رابطه بین مهارت های ارتباطی مدیران و عملکرد سازمانی پرستاران بیمارستان های آموزشی

زمینه. ارتباطات، یک مهارت بسیار مهم مدیریت است به گونه ای که کلیه فعالیت های مدیران در سازمان ها با ارتباطات پیوند خورده است و استفاده موثر از آن می تواند عملکرد سازمان را در راستای دستیابی به اهداف خود یاری رساند. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین رابطه ی مهارت ارتباطی مدیران و عملکرد سازمانی پرستاران در بیمارستان های آموزشی شهر اهواز انجام شد. روش کار. روش پژوهش حاضر تحلیلی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه ی پژوهش، مدیران و پرستاران بیمارستان های آموزشی اهواز بود که حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول 39 مدیر و 195 پرستار برآورد شد. نمونه گیری به صورت تصادفی طبقه بندی و جمع آوری داده ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه های مهارت ارتباطی بارتون و پرسشنامه عملکرد سازمانی هرسی و گلداسمیت انجام شد، که پرسشنامه ها به صورت متناسب با حجم هر طبقه در بین بیمارستان های مختلف توزیع شدند. روایی صوری و محتوایی پرسشنامه بارتون توسط 8 نفر از اساتید گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و دانشکده پرستاری و پرسشنامه هرسی و گلداسمت توسط 8 نفر از اساتید و صاحب نظران در حیطه علوم مدیریتی مورد تحلیل و تائید قرار گرفتند، همچنین پایایی هر دو پرسشنامه با کمک ضریب آلفای کرونباخ به ترتیب 0/8 و 0/86 محاسبه و تائید شدند. برای تحلیل داده ها از روش های آمار توصیفی و همچنین آزمون های ttest و anova و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون در نرم افزار spss نسخه ی 22 استفاده شد. یافته ها. امتیاز مهارت ارتباطی با میانگین (0/53±)30/3 و عملکرد سازمانی با میانگین (0/81±)3/44 در حد نسبتا قوی برآورد شدند. بر اساس آزمون آماری، رابطه معنی داری بین ابعاد مهارت ارتباطی با عملکرد سازمانی کل مشاهده نشد، اما اجزای دو متغیر روابط معنی داری نشان دادند. در سطح زیرمولفه ها مولفه شنود رابطه ضعیف و مثبتی با مولفه توانایی r=0/27 (p=0/000) و نیز مولفه اعتبار داشت (p=0/012) r=0/18 علاوه بر آن، مولفه مهارت کلامی رابطه قابل چشم پوشی مثبت و معناداری با مولفه وضوح (p=0/04) r:0/14 و نیز مولفه محیط p=0/011 r=0/18 نشان داد. نتیجه گیری. در این مطالعه رابطه معنی داری بین دو متغیر مهارت ارتباطی و عملکرد سازمانی مشاهده نشد، هرچند بر اساس ادبیات مدیریت انتظار می رفت این دو مفهوم با هم مرتبط باشند. از این رو، پیشنهاد می شود ضمن برنامه ریزی دوره های آموزشی برای تقویت مهارت های ارتباطی، مطالعاتی برای شناسایی عوامل میانجی این متغیر با عملکرد سازمانی در مدیران بیمارستانی طراحی شود.

The Study of the Relationship between Managers Communication Skills and Organizational Performance among Nurses in Educational Hospitals

Background. The aim of study was to determine the relationship between managers’ communication skills and nurses’ organizational performance in teaching hospitals. Methods. This was a descriptiveanalytic research using correlational analysis method. The research population included managers and nurses in 5 educational hospitals in Ahvaz city of Iran, with a sample size based on the Cochrane formula of 39 managers and 195 nurses. Proportional stratified random sampling method was used in the present study. Data collection tool included 3 questionnaires. To analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods as well as ttest and ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were used in SPSS software version 22. Results. The mean score calculated for communication skills was 3.30(±0.53) while it was 3.44(±0.81) for organizational performance, both of which were estimated to be relatively strong. According to the statistical test, there was no significant relationship between total communication skills' score and the total score of organizational performance. However, some communication skills had weak correlations with performance factors. Conclusion. This study did not find a significant association between communication skills and organizational performance, whilst management literature suggested otherwise. We suggest that in addition to setting training courses to strengthen communication skills for hospital managers, studies should be designed to identify the mediating factors of this variable with organizational performance. Background Communication is a vital management skill that might influence all the activities of managers in organizations. Therefore, it is presumed that using communication skills effectively can help improve organization performance in order to achieve its goals. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between managers’ communication skills and nurses’ organizational performance in educational hospitals. Methods This was a descriptiveanalytic research using correlational analysis method. The research population included managers and nurses in 5 educational hospitals of Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Ahvaz city of Iran, with a sample size based on the Cochrane formula of 39 managers and 195 nurses. Proportional stratified random sampling method was used in the present study. Data collection tool included three questionnaires. First, a demographic questionnaire including age, gender, marital status, education, job history etc. Second, Barton communication skills' questionnaire that was covering verbal, auditory and feedback skills. Third, Hersey and Goldsmith organizational performance questionnaire which assessed performance on the basis of seven factors including ability, clarity, help, incentive, evaluation, validity, and environment (known as seven factors ACHEIVE model). The face and content validity of Barton’s questionnaire were confirmed by 8 university professors of the Department of Health Services Management and the School of Nursing and the Hersey and Goldsmith questionnaire was analyzed and confirmed by 8 professors and experts in the field of management sciences.The questionnaires distribution followed a randomized proportional method in hospitals. Cornbrash's alpha coefficient was calculated 0.80 for Barton questionnaire and 0.86 for Hersey and Goldsmith; and both showed acceptable reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, including mean, standard deviation, frequency and frequency percentage as well as inferential statistics including ttest and ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS software version 22. Results Most managers were over 40 years old and the nurses were between 30 and 40 years old. Most managers were female and had 11 to 15 years’ work experience. Most of the participant nurses had less than 10 years’ job experience. The mean score was calculated 3.30(±0.53) for communication skills and 3.44(±0.81) for organizational performance; and both were estimated as relatively strong. According to the statistical test, total communication skills' score did not show a significant relationship with total score of organizational performance. However, some communication skills had weak correlations with performance factors. There was a positive and significant relationship between the listening skill with the ability (r = 0.27, p<=0.001) and validity (r=0.18, p=0.012) factors. In addition, verbal skill demonstrated a positive and significant association between the verbal skill component and clarity (r = 0.14, p=0.04) and environment (r=0.18, p=0.011) factors. Finally, total score of communication showed a weak but statistically significant correlation with ability (r=0.24, p=0.001) and clarity (r=0.15, p=0.044) factors. Conclusion This study did not show a significant association between communication skills and organizational performance, whilst management literature suggested otherwise. In our study, some inconsiderable associations were found between communication skills and performance factors. Therefore, we suggest that in addition to setting training courses to strengthen communication skills for hospital managers, studies should be designed to identify the mediating factors of this variable with organizational performance factors. Practical Implications of Research Due to the inconsiderable relationship between auditory and verbal skills with some factors of organizational performance, more research needs to be conducted to find out how communication skills work between managers and nurses in order to develop hospital performance. Ethical Consideration All ethical principles and considerations of the committee of research of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences are observed in this study with the code of ethics IR.AJUMS.REC.1397.864, and the data were collected after the consent of the statistical population of the study had been obtained. Conflict of Interests The authors of the article stipulate that there is no conflict of interest. Acknowledgement This research has been done with the financial support of the Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences with the number 97s39. The authors thank and appreciate all managers and nurses for cooperating and completing the questionnaires.