upcycling ceramic waste experiment: integration of sustainability and the value of khalifah fil ardh

Ceramic waste is rarely utilized, despite being non-biodegradable and requiring up to 4,000 years to decompose. this study employs the practice -led research method to explore ceramic waste as an additive to clay. experiments involved mixing 20% ceramic waste into two types of clay, shaping test pieces, and firing them at temperatures of 900ºc, 1150ºc, and 1210ºc. results indicate that glazed ceramic waste can be reused to produce ceramics with properties comparable to natural clay, providing a sustainable material solution. this research aligns with the islamic principle of khalifah fil ardh (stewardship of the earth), emphasizing human responsibility to maintain environmental balance. by utilizing ceramic waste, this study addresses sustainability challenges while reflecting values of wise resource use. it also opens avenues for further exploration with higher waste percentages and broader applications.