investigation of the use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in solar cells

Today, nanoparticles have attracted the attention of many researchers due to their specialproperties as well as their many technological applications. among these, titanium dioxide nanoparticleshave many important applications in various industries due to their excellent optical, electrical andcatalytic properties. these applications include use in industrial pigments, as photocatalysts inenvironmental cleansing, in sunscreens to protect the skin, in photovoltaic applications for solar cells,sensors, in electronic device components, and many more. two important properties of this material thatmake it very efficient and useful in life are its photocatalytic and superhydrophobic properties. these twoproperties are used to purify water and wastewater, eliminate air pollution and buildings, acceleratephotochemical reactions such as hydrogen production, fabricate surfaces and layers and self-cleaningglass. the properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles are strongly dependent on the size of the dopedparticles, elements or compounds and the surface modifications made on them, which in turn areinfluenced by the nanoparticle synthesis method. for this reason, methods for the synthesis of titaniumdioxide nanoparticles have received much attention today. as the size of the material gets smaller andsmaller and reaches the nanoscale, new physical and chemical properties show up. among the uniqueproperties of nanomaterials, the motion of electrons and holes in semiconductor nanomaterials isdominated by quantum constraint, and the transfer properties of phonons and photons are stronglyinfluenced by the size and geometry of the material. the effective surface area and surface to volumeratio increase with decreasing the material size. high effective levels are achieved by small particles,which will be useful in many 2tio-based types of equipment in which the interaction of the commonsurface of the material is important.