spiritual commodification discourse of kanda pat in bali healing tourism

The phenomenon of kanda pat's spiritual commodification in bali tourism healing is aninteresting thing to look at. on the one hand, kanda pat in balinese society is still a local belief, but thereis also a brand that is used as a modern spiritual healing brand. the purpose of this study is to reveal theoccurrence of commodification, the form of commodification, and its implications. the approach used inthis study is the study of culture with a theoretical foundation based on a critical paradigm. this studyreveals the causal phenomena of spiritual commodification, namely commodification requires changes inmerchandise of commodities through the packaging of spiritual elements with high image values. theform of spiritual commodification includes all forms of spiritual means and practices that are packaged insuch a way as to be of economic value, and in particular in this study, the spiritual kanda pat. theimplication of kanda pat's spiritual commodification is the strengthening of kanda pat's spiritualexistence, spiritual healing service competition, reproduction of local spiritual discourse, and the trend ofspirituality in bali as an international tourist destination.