κ-Casein gene polymorphisms in riverine and swamp buffalo in Indonesia

Kappa-casein (κ-casein) gene is known as a gene that plays a role in controlling milk protein and also play a crucial role in the coagulation and curdling of milk. this study was aimed to identify polymorphisms of the κ-casein gene of local buffaloes in indonesia. a total number of 40 heads of riverine buffalo and 250 heads of swamp buffalo. this study used pcr-rflp method,which amplification of the κ-casein gene resulted an amplicon with length of 157 bp,located in exon 4. the amplified fragment were digested with ecorv restriction enzyme,which cut the κ-casein gene in exon 4 at nucleotides of gat|atc,revealed the presence of one polymorphism at the base position of 23 bp that occurs with a substitution of ile (atc) of the t genetic variant into thr (acc) of the c genetic variant. genotyping κ-casein gene in riverine buffalo produced two types of allele,namely c allele (157 bp) and t allele (136 and 21 bp). these two alleles resulted in three types of genotypes,namely cc,ct,and tt. frequency of the c allele was dominant to t allele. κ-casein gene in swamp buffalo was monomorphic with one allele,namely c allele. heterozygosity value of riverine and swamp buffaloes were low. pic value in riverine and swamp buffalo ranged 0.000-0.288. fixation index of κ-casein gene in riverine buffalo was low (siborong-borong sbbc = -0,0036; deli serdang = -0.025),but in swamp buffalo was in fixation. this study showed that κ-casein|ecorv were polymorphic in riverine buffalo and monomorphic in swamp buffalo. © 2014 diponegoro university. all rights reserved.