ultra fast microwave irradiation based catalytic degradation of dyes by magnesium oxide nanoparticles

In this study, magnesium oxide nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method with the non-toxic urea serving as a surfactant. the synthesized samples were thoroughly characterized using x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (hr-tem). the xrd pattern revealed the presence of a pure mgo crystalline phase, with the crystallite size determined using the debye-scherrer equation. the sem and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy ( eds) analysis were employed to predict the morphology and elemental composition of the sample. the prepared magnesium oxide exhibited significant potential as a catalyst for degrading malachite green (mg) and crystal violet (cv) dyes in an aqueous medium, with hydrogen peroxide serving as an enhancer. additionally, microwave irradiation at 100 watts was used to boost the degradation efficiency.  notably, the degradation efficacy reached 100 % for mg and 43.46 % for cv,  even with the use of a minimal amount of catalyst under microwave irradiation at 100 watts.