Characterization and optimization of calcium and phosphate based material for mitigation of fluoride in ground water

Water is essential part of life and quality of ground water control the adjudged that water is suitable for human consumption. the quality of ground water is mainly lower, virtue of reaction between alkaline elements with natural resources. fluoride is one of the major alkaline elements that to lowered the water quality. so defluoridation of drinking water is the only possible option to overcome the problem of excessive fluoride in drinking water. therefore, in this paper, we focused on synthesize a low cost eco- friendly technique for removal of fluoride in the ground water. the present study describes the synthesis of calcium and phosphate based material for removal of fluoride from groundwater. characterization of the synthesize material performs with icp (oes), xrd, ftir shows that crystalline material of hydroxyapetite. kinetics study of fluoride removal from drinking water analysis is performed through jar test apparatus as a function of coagulant dose, ph of the solution, contact time, initial fluoride concentration and temperature. the highest percentage of removal of fluoride was 96 % observed when at initial dosing concentration 4mg/l, contact time 1hr and ph equal to 7.