fluoride removal from aqueous solutions by naoh-modified eucalyptus leaves

Introduction: fluoride (f) and its compounds are widely used in industries in which fluoride overdose leads to various detrimental diseases. in this study the effect of naoh-modified eucalyptus leaves on fluoride removal from aqueous solutions as a natural adsorbent was investigated. materials and methods: the focus of this study was on the effects of parameters such as ph (2-12), initial concentration (5-30 mg/l), adsorbent dose (0.1-1 g/l) and temperature (25-45°c). fluoride residual was measured using the spadns method by a dr 5000 spectrophotometer. results: the maximum adsorption capacity, at ph 2 was found to be 97 mg f/g with an adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g/l and an initial fluoride concentration of 20 mg/l. the adsorption equilibrium and kinetic data were in good agreement with langmuir model (r² = 0.967) with qmax = 298 mg/g and pseudo-second order reaction (r² = 0.999). conclusion: based on the results, naoh-modified eucalyptus leaves were found to be able to remove fluoride from aqueous environments with good removal efficiency and adsorption capacity.