a scoping review of the thermoelectric generator systems designs (heat exchangers and coolers) with locations of application to recover energy from internal combustion engines

Currently, a significant number of automobiles are equipped with internal combustion engines. in urban areas, a ‎significant number of transportation methods have detrimental environmental effects through the release of ‎pollutants resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels. in addition to the emission of toxic pollutants, internal ‎combustion engines experience significant energy losses through exhaust emissions. advanced technological ‎applications have the potential to recover of a portion of the waste heat from exhaust ducts. evaluations ‎conducted by scholars across several disciplines highlight diverse perspectives on the recycling of thermal ‎energy from exhaust gases as a means of mitigating pollution sources. however, this review focuses on the ‎utilization of thermoelectric generators for harvesting a fraction of the aforementioned dissipated energy. the ‎energy harvesting system is comprised of three components: the heat exchanger, which serves as the heat ‎source; the cooler, which functions as the heat sink; and the thermoelectric generators, which act as the heat ‎engine sandwiched between the heat exchanger and the cooler. this review examines the diverse exterior ‎designs of heat exchangers and coolers and categorizes them accordingly. additionally, it identifies the optimal ‎installation locations for harvesting systems and explores the impact of design variations, choice of metals for ‎manufacturing, and internal topography on the generation of electrical power. the primary findings of this ‎review emphasize the significance of prioritizing the design of heat exchangers over coolers. this is because ‎the uniformity of the temperature distribution within the heat exchanger plays a crucial role in governing the ‎overall performance. moreover, the installation of the system on petrol engines was seen as more cost-‎effective in comparison to its installation on diesel engines, primarily due to the higher magnitude of energy ‎emitted from the exhaust gases of the former as opposed to the latter. ‎ to the best of the author’s knowledge, ‎this review classification has never been performed before. this can be considered a brief path map and ‎ a ‎starting point for future work by researchers and investigators in designing heat exchangers and coolers and ‎choosing ‎the locations of teg system installations. then profitable investment from the data that has been ‎prepared and ‎summarized.‎