measuring the incidence of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes hospitalized in imam khomeini educational center of urmia

Background: studies on diabetes and its associated oral complications indicate that diabetic individuals are more prone to cardiovascular, renal, neurological, eye, and, particularly, oral health issues. vascular problems, oxidative stress, immune system imbalances, and deficiencies create favorable conditions for the growth of gram-positive and harmful bacteria, as well as various fungi, especially candida albicans, in the mouth and gums. objectives: this study was designed and conducted to assess the incidence of periodontal disease in diabetic patients admitted to imam khomeini hospital (ra). methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted at imam khomeini teaching hospital in urmia, iran, and included patients admitted to the endocrinology department with glycemic disorders and diabetes. the demographic information of the patients, including age, gender, disease duration, fasting blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin (hba1c), body mass index (bmi), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, was recorded.to assess periodontal health, the oral symptoms of the patients were evaluated and recorded, including dry mouth, unpleasant taste in the mouth, bad breath, loose teeth, swollen gums, sensitive teeth, gum bleeding, burning mouth and tongue, and a burning sensation in the gums. additionally, oral and dental hygiene practices were assessed based on the use of a toothbrush, toothpick, dental floss, and mouthwash. patients were also examined for chronic periodontitis, with the severity classified as mild, moderate, or severe.results: this retrospective cross-sectional study included 400 diabetic patients admitted to imam khomeini hospital in urmia, iran. among them, 214 patients (53.5%) were male, and 186 (46.5%) were female. the average age of the patients was 51.49 ± 5.73 years, with a minimum age of 37 years and a maximum of 61 years. the frequency of periodontitis among the studied patients was 88.25%.regarding oral symptoms, the most common symptom was dry mouth, reported by 57.75% of patients, followed by an unpleasant taste in the mouth (22.25%). the least common symptom was a burning sensation in the gums, with a frequency of 11.25%. conclusions: the results of this study indicate that the incidence of periodontal disease in diabetic patients at imam khomeini hospital in urmia is 88.25%. furthermore, in diabetic patients, there is a direct and significant relationship between glycemic control and the severity of periodontal disease.