effect of stiffness of building adjacent to excavation on deformation of the excavation wall

In contemporary urban environments, the scarcity of space and the prevalence of apartment living necessitate extensive excavation to secure adequate space and appropriate infrastructure for most construction projects. the influence of the structural rigidity of adjacent buildings on controlling ground displacement induced by excavation is critically important yet underexplored. this study investigates the effect of the rigidity of neighboring buildings’ structural elements on excavation by analyzing nearly all relevant components. the results show that the structural rigidity of adjacent buildings significantly impacts the horizontal deformations of the excavation wall and the positions of maximum horizontal deformation in both the excavation wall and the ground beneath the structures. as the building’s rigidity increases, the maximum horizontal deformations of the wall occur at greater depths within the excavation. additionally, increased rigidity causes the location of maximum horizontal deformations of the ground beneath the structure, near the excavation, to shift towards the center of the building. furthermore, as the building length increases, the depth at which maximum horizontal deformation occurs also increases. however, the location of deformation beneath the adjacent building is independent of the building’s width and does not change with variations in the building’s length.