a novel risk-based operational model for an islanded microgrid with electric vehicle parking lots, energy storage devices and flexible demand

In traditional networks, power transmission from production centers to consumption centers causes many issues such as energy losses, decreased reliability, and low power quality. these issues have given rise to a new trend in electricity networks known as microgrids. this paper presents a new hybrid two-stage operational model based on the information gap decision theory (igdt)/stochastic method for optimum energy management of an islanded microgrid under uncertainties. the suggested model investigates the uncertainty associated with wind energy using the igdt method without using a probability distribution function or scenario creation. uncertainties in electricity demand and vehicle owners behavior are also examined using a two-stage stochastic method. the suggested hybrid method, which is described as a bi-level two-stage optimization framework, benefits from both igdt and scenario-based stochastic programming methods. furthermore, the proposed microgrid includes new energy sources such as intelligent electric vehicle parking lots, energy storage devices, and demand response programs, all of which work together to decrease the cost of daily operation. according to numerical findings, the optimum utilization of new energy sources under the suggested hybrid approach lowers operational costs by 4.8%.