بررسی گذشته‌نگر زمینه‌های مطالعاتی بین‌المللی در کتابداری و علم اطلاعات با استفاده از تکنیک طبقه‌بندی خودکار (1945-2019)

هدف: پژوهش حاضر بر آن است تا با تحلیل روند موضوعات پژوهش‌های جهانی در کتابداری و علم اطلاعات، به بررسی موضوعات پژوهش‌‌ها در سال‌‌های گذشته و کشف خلاهای موضوعی بپردازد.روش‌شناسی: پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از تکنیک طبقه‌بندی خودکار انجام گرفته است. تحلیل داده‌ها بر اساس 85403 مقاله‌‌ نمایه‌شده در پایگاه وب آو ساینس در فاصله‌‌ سال‌‌های1945 - 2019  در حوزه‌‌ کتابداری و علم اطلاعات صورت گرفته است. مراحل مختلف پژوهش با استفاده از زبان برنامه‌‌نویسی پایتون 3.7 و بسته‌‌های نرم‌‌افزاری pandas، numpy، nltk و plotly انجام گرفته است.یافته‌ها: بیشتر پژوهش‌های جهانی در این رشته به حوزه‌ فناوری اطلاعات اختصاص یافته و حوزه‌‌ مدیریت سازمانی کمترین میزان پژوهش‌‌ها را به خود اختصاص داده‌ است. روند رشد پژوهش‌‌ها در بسیاری از حوزه‌‌های موضوعی رو به افزایش است. بااین‌وجود رشد بیشتری در حوزه‌‌هایی مانند مطالعات وب، فناوری اطلاعات، رفتارهای اطلاعاتی، مطالعات کاربران، بازیابی اطلاعات و موتورهای جستجو مشاهده می‌‌شود. پس از دهه‌‌ 1990 واژگان پرکاربردی مانند رسانه اجتماعی، داده‌‌های بزرگ، کتابخانه مجازی، اینترنت اشیاء، یادگیری ماشین، یادگیری عمیق، داده‌‌کاوی، داده‌‌های باز، هوش مصنوعی، پردازش زبان طبیعی، پردازش ابری، واقعیت مجازی، واقعیت افزوده و ترجمه ماشینی در پژوهش‌‌های این رشته دیده می‌‌شود.نتیجه‌گیری: داشتن تصویری از روند موضوعی پژوهش‌های کتابداری و علم اطلاعات، می‌‌تواند پژوهشگران این حوزه را برای تشخیص مهم‌‌ترین مسائل و نیازها و کنشی مناسب نسبت به انتخاب موضوع برای پژوهش‌‌های آینده هدایت و به‌طور کلی به سیاست‌گذاری‌ها و برنامه‌ریزی‌های پژوهش در این حوزه کمک کند.

a retrospective study of international studies in library and information science using automated classification technique (1945-2019)

purpose: analyzing the subject structure of research in this field can provide valuable information about the current state of the field, including its issues and needs, strengths, gaps, and shortcomings. the present study aims to analyze the global research topics in information science and library science, while also reviewing research topics from previous years and identifying thematic gaps. this analysis will provide a foundation for planning and policy research in this field.methodology: the present study utilized an automated classification technique. data analysis was performed on 85,403 articles indexed on the web of science website between 1945 and 2019 in the field of library and information science. the source and tool used for extracting research data was web of science. after preparing and pre-processing the data and formulating the classification plan for articles across 31 thematic categories, the logistic regression algorithm has been employed for the automatic classification of articles. this algorithm assigns articles to their respective thematic categories using the cosine similarity criterion. the various stages of the research were performed using the python 3.7 programming language and the pandas, numpy, nltk, and plotly software packages.findings: most of the global research in this field is dedicated to information technology, while the field of organizational management has the least amount of research. the growth trend of research in many thematic areas is increasing. however, there is further growth in areas such as web studies, information technology, information behavior, user studies, information retrieval, and search engines. after the 1990s, popular terms such as social media, big data, virtual library, iot (internet of things), machine learning, deep learning, data mining, open data, artificial intelligence, natural language processing, cloud computing, virtual reality, augmented reality, and machine translation have emerged in research in this field. it appears that the utilization of keywords pertaining to traditional subjects in the field has declined, while the usage of concepts encompassing new topics related to technology and the web has increased. the rapid growth of fields such as web development, technology, artificial intelligence, and data mining has led to the evolution of research topics and increased connections with computer science and information technology, particularly in recent years. the changes in the subjects of this field can be attributed to the development of the web and advancements in technology. additionally, the concepts and research topics in this field have had an impact on globalization, communication progress, and overall development in various economic, social, and cultural dimensions. conclusion: the conclusion of the study highlights the thematic trends in library and information science research over different time periods. it also identifies the weaknesses in the scientific output of this field, while outlining the evolutionary process and the path of progress and development in the field of science. due to the fact that scientific outputs are derived from the issues, needs, and priorities of a society at any given time, studying them can help clarify the most important issues and research needs in the field of library and information science. this, in turn, can provide a foundation for identifying future research needs and subjects in the field. in other words, having a clear understanding of the subject areas of library and information science will help researchers in this field identify the most important issues and needs. this, in turn, will enable them to take appropriate actions when selecting topics for future research. by conducting needs-based research, we can lay the groundwork for policy development and research planning in this field. this approach will also help address potential challenges and problems that may arise. this is despite the fact that if the needs and issues are ignored, research resources and credits will be spent on topics that do not have the necessary priority and importance. it cannot be expected that the findings from these topics will solve the problems and pave the way for the advancement of this field.