شناسایی و تحلیل پیشران‌های موثر بر جذب گردشگران به باغ‌های تاریخی طبیعی ایران مطالعه موردی: باغ تاریخی چشمه بلقیس شهر چرام

در سال‌های اخیر گردشگری و عوامل موثر بر جذب گردشگران در حوزه‌های مختلف مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. رویکرد جغرافیایی به این مقوله با در نظر گرفتن همه ابعاد به نتایج تحقیق جامعیت می بخشد. در این مقاله مولفه‌های موثر بر جذب گردشگران به باغ‌های تاریخی طبیعی ایران در باغ تاریخی چشمه بلقیس شهر چرام مورد شناسایی و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. گردآوری داده های تحقیق از طریق پرسشنامه محقق ساخته با 65 گویه صورت گرفته است. جامعه نمونه تحقیق گردشگران ورودی به باغ تاریخی تفریحی چشمه بلقیس در شهرستان چرام به تعداد 301 نفر بوده است. برای انجام تحلیل های آماری نظیر آزمون تی، تحلیل عاملی و مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری و پاسخ به سوالات پژوهش از نرم افزارهای spss و amos استفاده شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد از بین شش عامل شناسایی شده عامل اقتصادی با بالاترین اثر، 13.93 درصد واریانس بهبود وضعیت گردشگری در باغ تاریخی تفریحی چشمه بلقیس را تبیین می‌نماید که این امر نشانگر اهمیت و ارزش عامل اول نسبت به عامل‌های بعدی است. عاملهای مبلمان فضای باغ تاریخی تفریحی چشمه بلقیس، اطلاع رسانی و تبلیغات، دسترسی و حمل و نقل، امکانات و خدمات، کیفیت محیطی و موقعیت با درصدهای تبیین11.59، 10.83، 8.01، 7.87، 6.14 و4.89 در جذب گردشگر و بهبود وضعیت گردشگری در باغ تاریخی تفریحی چشمه بلقیش اثر داشته اند. همچنین نتایج حاصل از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با بار عاملی 0.71 اثر مطلوبیت جاذبه گردشگری باغ تاریخی تفریحی چشمه بلقیس بر وفاداری گردشگران را مورد تایید قرار می دهد.

Identification and Analysis of the Effective Drivers on the Attraction of Tourists to Iran’s Natural Historical Gardens Case Study: Cheshmeh Belqis Historical Garden of Choram City

Extended Abstract Introduction The development of economic activities, population growth, increasing livelihoods, environmental pollution, etc. have significantly increased the demand for the use of natural environments and the need for tourism, and this has led to the increased demand of urban residents for nature. In this regard, one of the types of manmade natural attractions that can be used in tourism and leisure is natural manmade gardens that provide the human need for contact with nature in urban environments. One of the most important effective factors on tourism development is the accurate identification of effective components on tourism development. Cheshmeh Belqis historical and recreational garden in Choram city, Kohgiluyeh and BoyerAhmad province, with its suitable climate and variety of trees, is one of the major promenades in the south of the country. By examining the dimensions of the factors affecting the attraction of tourists to the historical and recreational garden of Cheshmeh Belqis, it is possible for managers to improve the quality of the environment, enhance the quality of leisure time and increase the positive environmental effects of tourism in the city of Choram by strengthening the effective indicators on the development of tourism. Therefore, in this study, the main factors and indicators of improving the attraction of tourists to the historical recreational garden of Cheshmeh Belqis as a sample of historical recreational gardens in Iran have been measured.   Methodology The present research is analytical, descriptive and survey one. The collection of research data is based on library, field and utilization of scientific resources of relevant organizations. The statistical population is tourists who have traveled to this region and visited the historical and recreational garden of Cheshmeh Belqis. Due to the uncertainty of the number of tourists (statistical population), Cochran’s formula has been used in an unknown community. By calculating the variance of the primary sample; sample size was calculated to be 301 people. The sampling method is random. The main data collection tool is a researchermade questionnaire with 9 general questions and 56 specialized questions. Data were analyzed by using of ttest, Spearman correlation coefficient, factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and AMOS software programs.   Results and Discussion Examining the behavioral criteria of the local community in relation to tourists in the historical recreational garden of Cheshmeh Belqis by using of ttest, shows that from the tourists’ point of view, the behavior of the local community with tourists in this historical and recreational garden is in a desirable situation, which can be considered as an effective factor on the continuation of the tourism development process. Results of the environmental quality index of Cheshmeh Belqis natural historical garden with a significance level of less than 0.05 along with the negation of the upper and lower bounds of confidence levels for the variables of access to suitable space for washing dishes, sports facilities, proper access to health services and the children’s playground shows that the mentioned indicators are in an undesirable condition and need an accurate planning for optimal development. In terms of access road indicators, tourist guide signs and transportation facilities, the situation is also assessed as unsuitable. Tourists believe that in this tourism destination, the situation of specialized and trained employees to introduce the area and the historical and recreational garden of Cheshmeh Belqis, the situation of exhibitions to introduce other attractions of Choram city, evaluation of local and indigenous festivals of handicraft, local food, Local songs and instruments and introducing local traditions to tourists, the situation of information units in the tourist spots of Choram city and signposts to guide tourists to the desired location also need to be planned for improvement.   Conclusion The results of the research show that in the opinion of tourists, the historical recreational garden of Cheshmeh Belqis is considered as a desirable attraction and among other tourist attractions, it has a suitable condition. Its beautiful nature and historical background have made it popular among tourists and it is considered as a popular attraction. Such that tourists’ assessment of the peaceful of the environment, the desirable green space, the platform and sitting areas, the beautiful landscape and the climate of Belqis spring have been appropriate. This set of conditions has also led to the loyalty of tourists. In the inferential results, tourists tend to revisit the garden and as a priority to choose from other attractions of the city, the historical recreational garden of Belqis spring has been considered. The desire to recommend the Belqis Spring Garden to friends and family has been another sign of tourists’ loyalty. This issue has been reflected in the importance of preserving this garden and maintaining it for future generations.