اصول برداشت علمی از آیات طبّی قرآن

گاهی از مباحث بین‌ رشته‌ای قرآن و علوم تجربی با سابقۀ هزارساله با عنوانِ «تفسیرِ عِلمی» یاد می‌شود (1). این نوع از تفسیر قرآن در مرکز مثلثی با اضلاع تفسیر، اعجاز علمی قرآن و علوم تجربی قرار گرفته که متاثر از آنها نیز است. برداشت علمی از قرآن در بستر تاریخ موضوعِ تعریف و نقد بسیاری از مفسران قرآنی بوده است. برخی تفسیر علمی را اعم از تفسیر فلسفی می‌دانند درحالی‌که در مباحثِ طبّی، علوم تجربی در برابر علوم عقلی مثل فلسفه قرار می‌گیرد و گاهی تعریف تفسیر علمی به‌گونه‌ای است که شامل همۀ اقسام این روش نمی‌شود. با این همه به نظر می‌رسد در تعریفی عام از تفسیر علمی آیات، گونه‌های سه‌گانۀ «استخراج علوم از قرآن» و «تحمیل مطالب علمی بر قرآن» و «استخدام علم در فهم بهتر آیات قرآن» را شامل می‌شود .

principles of scientific interpretation of the medical verses of the quran

sometimes, interdisciplinary subjects in the quran and empirical sciences with a history of one thousand years are referred to as scientific interpretations or commentaries (1). this form of interpretation of the quran is at the center of a triangle with the angles of interpretation, quran’s scientific miracle, and empirical sciences and is influenced by these three. scientific interpretation of the quran in the context of history has been approved and criticized by the commentators of the quran. some consider scientific interpretation as a philosophical one while in the medical discussions, medical issues are considered as opposed to the rational sciences like philosophy and sometimes a scientific interpretation is defined in such a way that does not include all these forms or kinds of methods. however, it seems that a general definition of the scientific interpretation of the quranic verses includes ‘extracting sciences from the quran’, ‘imposing scientific findings on the quran’ and ‘using science for better understanding of the quranic verses’ (2).in this writing, given the direction and limitations of the topic, the purpose is to use empirical sciences as a means of interpretation and explanation of the scientific references of the quran observing the principles and rules of scientific interpretation of the medical verses of the quran with no extremist attempt to draw science out of the quran or impose scientific issues on the quran.allameh majlesi writes in this regard: “medical principles are valid as long as they do not violate the monotheistic principles” (5); despite that, some have moved toward extremism and self-interpretation of the medical verses of the quran because in some cases the principles and rules related to this form of interpretation have not been properly explained to them. nevertheless, scientific interpretation of the quran has different forms; some are principled and some involve extremism. among the ones who have been committed to a principled interpretation of the quranic verses and used empirical sciences for better explanation of the quranic verses are allameh tabatabaei, ayatollah makarem shirazi, ayatollah mohammad hadi marefat, and ayatollah sobhani.