دیپلماسی خارجی نوین آمریکا و تاثیرات آن بر سیاست منطقه‌ای دولت پهلوی دوم (1357-1348 ش)

آموزه نیکسون یا سیاست مشارکت جمعی، راهبرد نوین سیاست خارجی آمریکا را در دهه 50 ش بنیاد گذارد. هدف این نوشتار بررسی دیپلماسی خارجی جدید آمریکا و زمینه‌های پیدایش آن و تبعاتش بر سیاست خارجی و منطقه‌ای دولت پهلوی دوم در واپسین دهه حیات این حاکمیت است. بر این اساس ایران تحت تاثیر شدید این نظریه به سرعت به یکی از قدرت‌های نظامی منطقه‌ای تبدیل شده و در راستای اهداف پنهان و آشکار دولتمردان واشنگتن و اندیشه‌های حکومت شاهنشاهی به مجموعه‌ای از فعل و انفعالات سیاسی و نظامی در حوزه خلیج‌فارس و ماورای آن اقدام کرد.

The importance of Persian Gulf, and abortive efforts to forge a name for it

The Persian Gulf has been one of the important waterways of strategic Importance in terms of geographical, politicalmilitary and economical commercial situations, for a long period. This waterway has been the focus of chief events that intricate it’s situation and increase its strategic importance especially with the arrival of European countries in this region from tenth A.H./sixteenth A.D century. Besides, because of cultural interactions among regional countries, this area has played an important role in the exchanges of thoughts from a long time ago up to the present. This important situation caused this gulf to be known as ’Persian Gulf’ all around the world in its very long history and to be used in different international texts, atlases, maps and various documents from far past times. However, nowadays some abortive efforts have been made to change it name.In this paper, the writer first, discusses Persian Gulf’s importance from different aspects, then he analyzes and explains the motives behind the attempts to forge the name ’Persian Gulf’. In fact, it is a conspiracy planned by a number of overseas governments, and enforced by Arabic nationalism, as well as wrong policies led by Arab Reactionaries who are antiIran and pursue chimerical claims on territory