efficient kinematic model for stability analysis of imperfect functionally graded sandwich plates with ceramic middle layer and varied boundary edges

The present paper introduces an efficient higher-order theory to analyze the stability behavior of porous functionally graded sandwich plates (fgsps) resting on various boundary conditions. the fg sandwich plate comprises two porous fg layers, face sheets, and a ceramic core. the material properties in the fgm layers are assumed to change across the thickness direction according to the power-law distribution. to satisfy the requirement of transverse shear stresses vanishing at the top and bottom surfaces of the fgsp, a trigonometric shear deformation theory containing four variables in the displacement field with indeterminate integral terms is used, and the principle of virtual work is applied to describe the governing equation than it solved by navier solution method for simply supported boundaries. however, an analytical solution for fgsps under different boundary conditions is obtained by employing a new shape function, and numerical results are presented. furthermore, validation results show an excellent agreement between the proposed theory and those given in the literature. in contrast, the influence of several geometric and mechanical parameters, such as power-law index, side-to-thickness, aspect ratio, porosity distribution, various boundary conditions, loading type, and different scheme configurations on the critical buckling, is demonstrated in the details used in a parametric study.