واکاوی تجارب زیسته دانشجویان از روش پرسش محور در درس اندیشه اسلامی

هدف: هدف مطالعه حاضر واکاوی روش پرسش محور به لحاظ فرصت ها و چالش های که ایجاد می کند و عواملی که باعث می شود دانشجویان و اساتید از این روش بهره ببرند روش تدریس پرسش محور یکی از این روش تدریس‌هاست که در شکل‌گیری سازمان‌دهی منطقی یادگیری تاثیر خواهد گذاشت.روش: مطالعه پژوهشی حاضر با رویکرد کیفی و روش پدیدارشناسی تفسیری قصد دارد که روش تدریس پرسش محور را واکاوی کند. با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و در نظر گرفتن اشباع نظری داده‌ها،18 نفر از دانشجویان در این پژوهش مشارکت کردند. داده‌ها با استفاده از مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته جمع‌آوری و پیاده‌سازی گردید و سپس با استفاده از تجزیه‌وتحلیل مصاحبه و نرم‌افزار maxqda2020 مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته ها: بر اساس نتایج پژوهش، شش عامل که باعث می‌شد مدرس‌ها از این روش تدریس بهره ببرند شامل: رشد قوه تفکر و تامل، افزایش مشارکت کلاسی، تقویت اعتمادبه‌نفس، یادگیری درونی، حقیقت‌جویی و حق پذیری و جرئت ورزی معرفتی و عملی بازدارنده این روش می‌توان به کمبود وقت، سخت شدن کنترل کلاس و سنتی بودن روش پرسش محور اشاره کرد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بهره بردن از روش پرسش محور باعث افزایش یادگیری و رشد دانشجویان خواهد شد که منوط به بسترسازی و استفاده از این روش تدریس در موضوعات خاصی می‌باشد.

analyzing the students' lived experiences using the question-based method in the course of islamic andisheh

teaching method as a method of organizing the form of learning with the aim of estimating a specific educational goal, or replacing a specific learning effect. the question-based teaching method is one of these teaching methods that will influence the formation of the logical organization of learning; therefore, the current research study with a qualitative approach and interpretive phenomenology method aims to analyze the question-based teaching method. using purposeful sampling and considering the theoretical saturation of data, 18 students participated in this research. data were collected and implemented using semi-structured interviews and then analyzed using interview analysis and maxqda2020 software. according to the results of the research, six factors that made teachers use this teaching method include: the growth of thinking and reflection, increasing class participation, strengthening self-confidence, internal learning, truth-seeking and acceptance of the truth, and cognitive and practical courage that inhibits this method. he pointed out the lack of time, the difficulty of controlling the class and the traditionality of the question-based method. the results of the research showed that using the question-based method will increase students' learning and growth, which depends on the foundation and use of this teaching method in certain subjects.the purpose of education is to realize learning in students, and one of the effective factors in achieving such a goal is to pay attention to choosing the appropriate teaching method according to the classroom conditions and subjects. teachers are not only information transmitters, but by choosing the correct teaching methods, they can facilitate the speed of learning, academic progress, success, personality development and self-confidence in students, in fact, teachers are the facilitators of education. therefore, special attention has been paid to the question in different learning theories and it has always been raised in teaching models - from traditional to classical. while the supporters of the traditional approach use the teacher's questions to positively and emphasize the transmitted content, newer approaches emphasize the questioning of the learners and their activity. the art of questioning is considered as the most effective tool in the field of education. if used properly and at the right time, questioning can be useful everywhere, for all situations, and for all types of learning. a good question also leads to a good understanding and can be a tool for organizing knowledge on this basis, while older theories of learning, sometimes in accordance with their goal, which is the realization of learning, to the characteristics of questions such as clarity, purposefulness and making them think there have been hints. also, according to carver and colleagues, the question and answer teaching method transforms the traditional flow of information into an interactive conversation when students are active in the classroom process and participate in answering questions, which not only increases understanding of the subject but also develops analytical skills. and it improves the critical thinking of learners. the question-and-answer process creates an environment that supports the growth of thought and articulates students' participation in reflecting on their learning and their thoughts. the question and answer approach is emphasized as a strategy to sharpen the mind and encourage critical thinking of learners.