مطالعه و بررسی چالش‌ها، فرصت‌ها و پیامدهای کرونا بر کارکردهای اصلی آموزش عالی (تجربیات کارگزاران و مدیران دانشگاهی و وزارتی)

در این پژوهش به مطالعه و بررسی چالش ها، فرصت ها و پیامدهای کرونا بر کارکردهای اصلی آموزش عالی با توجه به تجربیات کارگزاران و مدیران دانشگاهی و وزارتی و نیز صاحب نظران در حوزه آموزش عالی پرداخته شد. رویکرد پژوهش کیفی و روش آن پدیدارشناسی تفسیری بود. مشارکت‌کنندگان پژوهش شامل 38 نفر از کارگزاران و مدیران دانشگاهی و وزارتی و نیز صاحب نظران آموزش عالی در دانشگاه ها و نیز ستاد مرکزی وزارت علوم و تحقیقات بودند که به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب و فرآیند جمع‌آوری اطلاعات تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری ادامه یافت. داده ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند جمع آوری شد و با استفاده از روش همسوسازی مورد اعتبار یابی قرار گرفت. تحلیل داده ها با بهره‌گیری از روش تحلیل مضمون در محیط نرم‌افزار maxqda انجام شد. نتایج پژوهش شامل سه مضمون چالش‌های آموزش عالی در دوران کرونا (در حوزه‌های آموزش، پژوهش و مدیریت منابع انسانی و مالی)، فرصت های وقوع بحران کرونا برای نظام آموزش عالی (عدالت آموزشی، تحول ماهیتی، بازاندیشی انتقادی کارکردهای آموزش عالی، فرصتی دوباره برای مواجهه با واقعیت آموزش مجازی، فرصتی نوین برای پرداختن به سوالات بنیادین و چالش‌های مربوط به آن‌ها) و پیامدهای کرونا بر کارکردهای اصلی نظام آموزش عالی ایران (پیامدهای سیاست‌گذاری در بخش اداری آموزش، پیامدهای حوزه پژوهش، پیامدهای انسانی- اجتماعی) شد.

studying and examining the challenges, opportunities and consequences of corona on the main functions of higher education (experiences of agents and university and ministerial managers)

considering the experiences of agents and university and ministerial managers as well as experts in the field of higher education, the present research is an attempt to study and examine the challenges, opportunities and consequences of corona on the main functions of higher education. the approach of qualitative research and its method was interpretive phenomenology. the participants of the research, who were purposefully selected, included 38 agents and university and ministerial managers, as well as experts in the field of higher education in universities and the central headquarters of the ministry of science and research. the data collection process continued until theoretical saturation was reached and the data was collected through a semi-structured interview. the data was collected through semi-structured interviews and validated using the alignment method. data analysis was done using thematic analysis method in the maxqda software environment. the results of the research included three themes of the challenges of higher education in the corona era (in the fields of education, research and management of human and financial resources), the opportunities of the corona crisis for the higher education system (educational justice, fundamental transformation, critical rethinking of the functions of higher education, a new opportunity to face with the reality of virtual education, a new opportunity to address the fundamental questions and challenges related to them) and the consequences of corona on the main functions of iran’s higher education system (consequences of policy making in the administrative-education sector, consequences of the research field, and human-social consequences).corona is one of the examples of the tragic but real crisis that the world and mankind faced in almost three years. this phenomenon was so widespread that made the pillars of the educational systems face a doubt and forced the educational systems to multiple and sometimes contradictory reactions. in the meantime, strategies such as temporary closure of school and university centers, fifty percent attendance, emphasis on the development of virtual and electronic education, etc., were adopted. what was very important in the meantime was the effort to observe educational justice and equality so that the weakness of the infrastructure and facilities does not prevent maximum access to education. this has had short, medium and long-term effects on higher education structures, the lives of students, families, researchers and university administrators. in the policy-making dimension, it has induced the necessity of reviewing the structures, types of policies, decision-making, research, financial resources, and interactions outside the university. considering the structure of the higher education and the dynamism and uncertainty of this large scientific community, the policies and programs considered for it must have a special dynamism and innovation, and a university manager should regard chaos theory and be ready for unforeseen crises like the corona virus era.